P5: Linee guida per la codifica e l'interscambio del testo elettronico

<s>
 <persName>
  <forename>Peter</forename>
  <surname>son of Herbert</surname>
 </persName> gives the king 40 m. for
having custody of the land and heir of <persName>
  <forename>John</forename>
  <surname>son of Hugh</surname>
 </persName>...
</s>

<s n="1">The state Supreme Court has refused to release
<rs xml:id="R1">
  <rs xml:id="R2">Rahway State Prison</rs> inmate</rs>
 <rs xml:id="R3">James Scott</rs> on bail.</s>
<s n="2">
 <rs xml:id="R4">The fighter</rs> is serving 30-40 years for a 1975 armed
robbery conviction in <rs xml:id="R5">the penitentiary</rs>.
</s>
<!-- ... -->
<linkGrp type="periphrasis">
 <link targets="#R1 #R3 #R4"/>
 <link targets="#R2 #R5"/>
</linkGrp>

<linkGrp type="translation">
 <link targets="#CCS1 #SW1"/>
 <link targets="#CCS2 #SW2"/>
 <link targets="#CCS #SW"/>
</linkGrp>
<div type="volume" xml:id="CCS" xml:lang="fr">
 <p>
  <s xml:id="CCS1">Longtemps, je me suis couché de bonne heure.</s>
  <s xml:id="CCS2">Parfois, à peine ma bougie éteinte, mes yeux se fermaient si vite
     que je n'avais pas le temps de me dire : "Je m'endors."</s>
 </p>
<!-- ... -->
</div>
<div type="volume" xml:id="SW" xml:lang="en">
 <p>
  <s xml:id="SW1">For a long time I used to go to bed early.</s>
  <s xml:id="SW2">Sometimes, when I had put out my candle, my
     eyes would close so quickly that I had not even time to say
     "I'm going to sleep."</s>
 </p>
<!-- ... -->
</div>

<linkGrp type="translation">
 <link targets="#zh-tw_CCS1 #zh-tw_SW1"/>
 <link targets="#zh-tw_CCS2 #zh-tw_SW2"/>
 <link targets="#zh-tw_CCS #zh-tw_SW"/>
</linkGrp>
<div type="volume" xml:id="zh-tw_CCS">
 <p>
  <s xml:id="zh-tw_CCS1">床前明月光，疑似地上霜；</s>
  <s xml:id="zh-tw_CCS2">舉頭望明月，低頭思故鄉。</s>
 </p>
<!-- ... -->
</div>
<div type="volume" xml:id="zh-tw_SW">
 <p>
  <s xml:id="zh-tw_SW1">月光照的床前一片潔白，看起來像是地上結滿的白霜；</s>
  <s xml:id="zh-tw_SW2">抬起頭來，望著明月，低下頭來，思念起故鄉。</s>
 </p>
<!-- ... -->
</div>

<seg xml:id="s1s3" type="narrative_unit">
 <s xml:id="s1">Sigmund, the <seg type="patronymic">son of Volsung</seg>,
   was a king in Frankish country.</s>
 <s xml:id="s2">Sinfiotli was the eldest of his sons.</s>
 <s xml:id="s3"> ... </s>
</seg>

<s>Give me <seg type="phrase" part="I">a dozen.</seg>
</s>
<s>
 <seg part="F">Or two or three.</seg>
</s>

<s>The anchor is he<anchor xml:id="A234"/>re somewhere.</s>
<s>Help me find it.<ptr target="#A234"/>
</s>

<s>此錨點指向這<anchor xml:id="zh-tw_A234"/>裡</s>
<s>請搜尋此處<ptr target="#zh-tw_A234"/>
</s>

<s>
 <seg rend="caps" type="initial-cap">此屬性值表示句首第一個字母大寫</seg>
</s>

<s>
 <seg rend="caps" type="initial-cap">So father's only</seg>
glory was the ballfield.

</s>

<div xml:id="english" xml:lang="en" type="subsection">
 <ab xml:id="english1">
  <s>According to our survey, 1988 sales of mineral water and soft
     drinks were much higher than in 1987, reflecting the growing popularity
     of these products.</s>
  <s>Cola drink manufacturers in particular achieved above-average
     growth rates.</s>
 </ab>
</div>
<div xml:id="french" xml:lang="fr" type="subsection">
 <ab xml:id="french1">
  <s xml:id="fs1">Quant aux eaux minérales et aux limonades, elles
     rencontrent toujours plus d'adeptes.</s>
  <s xml:id="fs2">En effet, notre sondage fait ressortir des ventes nettement
     supérieures à celles de 1987, pour les boissons à
     base de cola notamment.</s>
 </ab>
</div>

<q>
 <s xml:id="qs2">Monsieur Paul, after he has taken equal
   parts of goose breast and the finest pork, and
   broken a certain number of egg yolks into them,
   and ground them <emph>very</emph>, very fine,
   cooks all with seasoning for some three hours.</s>
 <s xml:id="qs3">
  <emph>But</emph>,</s>
</q>
<s xml:id="ps2">she pushed her face nearer, and looked with
ferocious gloating at the pâté
inside me, her eyes like X rays,</s>
<q>
 <s xml:id="qs4">he never stops stirring it!</s>
 <s xml:id="qs5">Figure to yourself the work of it —</s>
 <s xml:id="qs6">stir, stir, never stopping!</s>
</q>

<p>台灣譯為<list xml:id="zh-tw_LP1">
  <item>
   <s>艾蜜莉的異想世界</s>
  </item>
 </list>
；香港譯作<list xml:id="zh-tw_LP2">
  <item>
   <s>天使愛美麗</s>
  </item>
 </list>。</p>
<p>中國大陸則名為<list xml:id="zh-tw_LP3">
  <item>
   <s>阿梅麗的奇妙命運</s>
  </item>
 </list>。</p>
<join
  result="list"
  xml:id="zh-tw_LST1"
  targets="#zh-tw_LP1 #zh-tw_LP2 #zh-tw_LP3"
  scope="branches">
 <desc>電影Le Fabuleux Destin d'Amélie Poulain的中港台譯名</desc>
</join>

<p>Southern dialect (my own variety, at least) has only
<list xml:id="LP1">
  <item>
   <s>I done gone</s>
  </item>
  <item>
   <s>I done went</s>
  </item>
 </list> whereas Negro Non-Standard basilect has both these and
<list xml:id="LP2">
  <item>
   <s>I done go</s>
  </item>
 </list>.</p>
<p>White Southern dialect also has
<list xml:id="LP3">
  <item>
   <s>I've done gone</s>
  </item>
  <item>
   <s>I've done went</s>
  </item>
 </list> which, when they occur in Negro dialect, should probably
be considered as borrowings from other varieties of
English.</p>
<join
  result="list"
  xml:id="LST1"
  targets="#LP1 #LP2 #LP3"
  scope="branches">
 <desc>Sample sentences in Southern speech</desc>
</join>

<s>Let's go to
<name exclude="#mayn" xml:id="mayd">May</name>
 <date copyOf="#mayd" exclude="#mayd" xml:id="mayn"/>.</s>

<p>
 <s>Nineteen fifty-four, when I was eighteen years old,
   is held to be a crucial turning point in the history of
   the Afro-American — for the U.S.A. as a whole — the
   year segregation was outlawed by the U.S. Supreme Court.</s>
 <s>It was also a crucial year for me because on June 18,
   1954, I began serving a sentence in state prison for
   possession of marijuana.</s>
</p>

<p>
 <s>
  <cl>It was about the beginning of September, 1664,
  <cl>that I, among the rest of my neighbours,
       heard in ordinary discourse
   <cl>that the plague was returned again to Holland; </cl>
   </cl>
  </cl>
  <cl>for it had been very violent there, and particularly at
     Amsterdam and Rotterdam, in the year 1663, </cl>
  <cl>whither, <cl>they say,</cl> it was brought,
  <cl>some said</cl> from Italy, others from the Levant, among some goods
  <cl>which were brought home by their Turkey fleet;</cl>
  </cl>
  <cl>others said it was brought from Candia;
     others from Cyprus. </cl>
 </s>
 <s>
  <cl>It mattered not <cl>from whence it came;</cl>
  </cl>
  <cl>but all agreed <cl>it was come into Holland again.</cl>
  </cl>
 </s>
</p>

<p>
 <s>
  <cl type="finite-declarative" function="independent">
   <phr type="NP" function="subject">Nineteen fifty-four,
   <cl type="finite-relative-declarative" function="appositive">when <phr type="NP" function="subject">I</phr>
     <phr type="VP" function="predicate">was eighteen years old</phr>
    </cl>
   </phr>,
  <phr type="VP" function="predicate">
    <phr type="V" function="verb-main">is held</phr>
    <phr type="NP" function="complement">
     <cl type="nonfinite" function="predicate-nom.">
      <phr type="V" function="copula">to be</phr>
      <phr type="NP" function="predicate-nom.">a crucial turning point
      <phr type="PP" function="postmodifier">in
       <phr type="NP" function="prep.obj.">the history
        <phr type="PP" function="postmodifier">of the Afro-American</phr>
        </phr>
       </phr>
             —
      <phr type="PP" function="postmodifier-appositive">for
       <phr type="NP" function="prep.obj.">the U.S.A.
        <phr type="PP" function="postmodifier">as a whole</phr>
        </phr>
       </phr>
      </phr>
           —
     <phr type="NP" function="appositive-predicate-nom.">the year
      <cl type="finite-relative" function="adjectival">
        <phr type="NP" function="subject">segregation</phr>
        <phr type="VP" function="predicate">
         <phr type="V" function="verb-main">was outlawed</phr>
         <phr type="PP" function="postmodifier">by the U.S. Supreme Court</phr>
        </phr>
       </cl>
      </phr>
     </cl>
    </phr>
   </phr>.</cl>
 </s>
 <s>
  <cl type="finite-declarative" function="independent">
   <phr type="NP" function="subject">It</phr>
   <phr type="VP" function="predicate">
    <phr type="V" function="verb-main">was</phr>
       also
   <phr type="NP" function="predicate-nom.">a crucial year for me</phr>
   </phr>
   <cl type="declarative-finite" function="dependent-causative">because
   <phr type="PP" function="sentence_adverb">on June 18, 1954</phr>,
   <phr type="NP" function="subject">I</phr>
    <phr type="VP" function="predicate">
     <phr type="V" function="verb-main">began serving</phr>
     <phr type="NP" function="complement">a sentence in state prison
     <phr type="PP" function="complement">for possession of marijuana</phr>
     </phr>
    </phr>
   </cl>
  </cl>
 </s>.
</p>

<s xml:lang="la">
 <w lemma="timeo">timeo</w>
 <w lemma="danaii">Danaos</w>
 <w lemma="et">et</w>
 <w lemma="donum">dona</w>
 <w lemma="fero">ferentes</w>
</s>

<head>
 <s>A short affair</s>
</head>
<s>When are you leaving?</s>
<s>Tomorrow.</s>

<s>Y a-t-il encore des cocus?</s>
<s>J'en doute.</s>
<s>Il y a des maris de femmes polyandres.</s>
<s>Tout fout le camp.</s>
<bibl>Meyer, Philippe. Portraits acides et autres pensées édifiantes, 1999</bibl>

<s>士何事？”</s>
<s>尚志。 </s>

<p xml:id="MaQp1s2p114">
 <s xml:id="MaQp1s2p114s1">There was certainly a definite point at which the
   thing began.</s>
 <s xml:id="MaQp1s2p114s2">It was not; then it was suddenly inescapable,
   and nothing could have frightened it away.</s>
 <s xml:id="MaQp1s2p114s3">There was a slow integration, during which she,
   and the little animals, and the moving grasses, and the sun-warmed
   trees, and the slopes of shivering silvery mealies, and the great
   dome of blue light overhead, and the stones of earth under her feet,
   became one, shuddering together in a dissolution of dancing
   atoms.</s>
 <s xml:id="MaQp1s2p114s4">She felt the rivers under the ground forcing
   themselves painfully along her veins, swelling them out in an
   unbearable pressure; her flesh was the earth, and suffered growth
   like a ferment; and her eyes stared, fixed like the eye of the
   sun.</s>
 <s xml:id="MaQp1s2p114s5">Not for one second longer (if the terms for time
   apply) could she have borne it; but then, with a sudden movement
   forwards and out, the whole process stopped; and <emph rend="italic">that</emph> was <soCalled rend="dquo">the
     moment</soCalled> which it was impossible to remember
   afterwards.</s>
 <span from="#MaQp1s2p114s3" to="#MaQp1s2p114s5">the moment</span>
 <s xml:id="MaQp1s2p114s6">For during that space of time (which was
   timeless) she understood quite finally her smallness, the
   unimportance of humanity.</s>
</p>

<p xml:id="P1">
 <s xml:id="S1">Sigmund ... was a king in Frankish country.</s>
 <s xml:id="S2">Sinfiotli was the eldest of his sons.</s>
 <s xml:id="S3">Borghild, Sigmund's wife, had a brother ...</s>
 <s xml:id="S4A">But Sinfiotli ... wooed the same woman</s>
 <s xml:id="S4B">and Sinfiotli killed him over it.</s>
 <s xml:id="S5">And when he came home, ... she was obliged to accept it.</s>
 <s xml:id="S6">At the funeral feast Borghild was serving beer.</s>
 <s xml:id="S7">She took poison ... and brought it to Sinfiotli.</s>
 <s xml:id="S17">Sinfiotli drank it off and at once fell dead.</s>
 <anchor xml:id="EOS17"/>
</p>
<p xml:id="P2">Sigmund carried him a long way in his arms ... </p>
<p xml:id="P3">King Sigmund lived a long time in Denmark ... </p>
<p xml:id="P4">Sigmund and all his sons were tall ... </p>
<spanGrp resp="#TMA" type="narrative-structure">
 <span from="#S1" to="#S3">introduction</span>
 <span from="#S4A">conflict</span>
 <span from="#S4B">climax</span>
 <span from="#S5" to="#S17">revenge</span>
 <span from="#EOS17">reconciliation</span>
 <span from="#P2" to="#P4">aftermath</span>
</spanGrp>

<p xml:id="MarQp1s2p114">
 <s xml:id="MarQp1s2p114s1">There was certainly a definite point ... </s>
 <s xml:id="MarQp1s2p114s2">It was not; then it was suddenly inescapable ... </s>
 <seg xml:id="MarQp1s2p114s3-5" ana="#moment">
  <s xml:id="MarQp1s2p114s3">There was a slow integration ... </s>
  <s xml:id="MarQp1s2p114s4">She felt the rivers under the ground ... </s>
  <s xml:id="MarQp1s2p114s5">Not for one second longer ... </s>
 </seg>
 <s xml:id="MarQp1s2p114s6">For during that space of time ... </s>
</p>
<interp xml:id="moment">the moment</interp>

<p xml:id="PP1">
 <seg xml:id="SS1-SS3" ana="#INTRO">
  <s xml:id="SS1">Sigmund ... was a king in Frankish country.</s>
  <s xml:id="SS2">Sinfiotli was the eldest of his sons.</s>
  <s xml:id="SS3">Borghild, Sigmund's wife, had a brother ... </s>
 </seg>
 <s xml:id="SS4A" ana="#CONFLICT">But Sinfiotli ... wooed the same woman</s>
 <s xml:id="SS4B" ana="#CLIMAX">and Sinfiotli killed him over it.</s>
 <seg xml:id="SS5-SS17" ana="#REVENGE">
  <s xml:id="SS5">And when he came home, ... she was obliged to accept it.</s>
  <s xml:id="SS6">At the funeral feast Borghild was serving beer.</s>
  <s xml:id="SS17">Sinfiotli drank it off and at once fell dead.</s>
 </seg>
</p>
<anchor xml:id="NIL1" ana="#RECONCIL"/>
<p xml:id="PP2">Sigmund carried him a long way in his arms ... </p>
<p xml:id="PP3">King Sigmund lived a long time in Denmark ... </p>
<p xml:id="PP4">Sigmund and all his sons were tall ... </p>
<join xml:id="PP2-PP4" targets="#PP2 #PP3 #PP4" ana="#AFTERM"/>

<s>
 <w ana="#AT0">The </w>
 <w ana="#NN1">victim</w>
 <w ana="#POS">'s</w>
 <w ana="#NN2">friends </w>
 <w ana="#VVD">told </w>
 <w ana="#NN2">police </w>
 <w ana="#CJT">that </w>
 <w ana="#NP0">Kruger </w>
 <w ana="#VVD">drove </w>
 <w ana="#PRP">into </w>
 <w ana="#AT0">the </w>
 <w ana="#NN1">quarry </w>
 <w ana="#CJC">and </w>
 <w ana="#AV0">never </w>
 <w ana="#VVD">surfaced</w>
</s>

<s type="sentence">
 <phr ana="#n">
  <phr ana="#gn">
   <w ana="#AT0">The</w>
   <w ana="#NN1">victim</w>
   <m ana="#POS">'s</m>
  </phr>
  <w ana="#NN2">friends</w>
 </phr>
 <phr ana="#v">
  <w ana="#VVD">told</w>
  <phr ana="#n">
   <w ana="#NN2">police</w>
  </phr>
  <cl ana="#fn">
   <w ana="#CJT">that</w>
   <phr ana="#n">
    <w ana="#NP0">Krueger</w>
   </phr>
   <phr ana="#v">
    <phr ana="#v1">
     <w ana="#VVD">drove</w>
     <phr ana="#pr">
      <w ana="#PRP">into</w>
      <phr ana="#n">
       <w ana="#AT0">the</w>
       <w ana="#NN1">quarry</w>
      </phr>
     </phr>
    </phr>
    <w ana="#CJC">and</w>
    <phr ana="#v2">
     <w ana="#AV0">never</w>
     <w ana="#VVD">surfaced</w>
    </phr>
   </phr>
  </cl>
 </phr>
 <c ana="#pun">.</c>
</s>

<s>
 <w xml:id="word-1">The</w>
 <w xml:id="word-2">victim</w>
 <w xml:id="word-3">'s</w>
 <w xml:id="word-4">friends</w>
 <w xml:id="word-5">told</w>
 <w xml:id="word-6">police</w>
 <w xml:id="word-7">that</w>
 <w xml:id="word-8">Kruger</w>
 <w xml:id="word-9">drove</w>
 <w xml:id="word10">into</w>
 <w xml:id="word11">the</w>
 <w xml:id="word12">quarry</w>
 <w xml:id="word13">and</w>
 <w xml:id="word14">never</w>
 <w xml:id="word15">surfaced</w>
</s>

<s n="00741">
 <w ana="#at0">The</w>
 <w ana="#ajs">closest</w>
 <w ana="#pnp">he</w>
 <w ana="#vvd">came</w>
 <w ana="#prp">to</w>
 <w ana="#nn1">exercise</w>
 <w ana="#vbd">was</w>
 <w ana="#to0">to</w>
 <w ana="#vvi">open</w>
 <w ana="#crd">one</w>
 <w ana="#nn1">eye</w>
 <phr ana="#av0">
  <w>every</w>
  <w>so</w>
  <w>often</w>
 </phr>
 <c ana="#pun">,</c>
 <w ana="#cjs">if</w>
 <w ana="#pni">someone</w>
 <w ana="#vvd">entered</w>
 <w ana="#at0">the</w>
 <w ana="#nn1">room</w>
<!-- ... -->
</s>

<s>
 <w xml:id="S1W1">
  <c xml:id="S1W1C1">C</c>ae<c xml:id="S1W1C2">s</c>ar</w>
 <w xml:id="S1W2">
  <c xml:id="S1W2C1">s</c>ei<c xml:id="S1W2C2">z</c>e<c xml:id="S1W2C3">d</c>
 </w>
 <w xml:id="S1W3">con<c xml:id="S1W3C1">t</c>rol</w>.

</s>
<fvLib xml:id="FSL1" n="phonological segment definitions">
<!-- as in previous example -->
</fvLib>
<linkGrp type="phonology">
<!-- ... -->
 <link targets="#S.DF #S1W3C1"/>
 <link targets="#Z.DF #S1W2C3"/>
 <link targets="#S.DF #S1W2C1"/>
 <link targets="#Z.DF #S1W2C2"/>
<!-- ... -->
</linkGrp>

<s xml:id="mds09" n="00741">
 <w xml:id="mds0901">The</w>
 <w xml:id="mds0902">closest</w>
 <w xml:id="mds0903">he</w>
 <w xml:id="mds0904">came</w>
 <w xml:id="mds0905">to</w>
 <w xml:id="mds0906">exercise</w>
<!-- ... -->
</s>