Exemple: <def> (définition)

These search results reproduce every example of the use of <def> in the Guidelines, including all localised and translated versions. In some cases, the examples have been drawn from discussion of other elements in the Guidelines and illustrating the use of <def> is not the main focus of the passage in question. In other cases, examples may be direct translations of each other, and hence identical from the perspective of their encoding.

9 Dictionaries


<superEntry>

<superEntry>
 <form>
  <orth>abandon</orth>
  <hyph>a|ban|don</hyph>
  <pron>@"band@n</pron>
 </form>
 <entry n="1">
  <gramGrp>
   <pos>v</pos>
   <subc>T1</subc>
  </gramGrp>
  <sense n="1">
   <def>to leave completely and for ever ... </def>
  </sense>
  <sense n="2"/>
 </entry>
 <entry n="2">
  <gramGrp>
   <pos>n</pos>
   <subc>U</subc>
  </gramGrp>
  <def>the state when one's feelings and actions are uncontrolled; freedom from
     control</def>
 </entry>
</superEntry>

<superEntry>

<superEntry>
 <form>
  <orth></orth>
  <hyph> (因漢字無法以連字符號拆解,故不提供範例。)</hyph>
  <pron>bi4</pron>
 </form>
 <entry n="1">
  <gramGrp>
   <pos>動詞</pos>
   <subc>及物</subc>
  </gramGrp>
  <sense n="1">
   <def>輔助;矯正過失</def>
  </sense>
  <sense n="2"/>
 </entry>
 <entry n="2">
  <gramGrp>
   <pos>名詞</pos>
   <subc>可數</subc>
  </gramGrp>
  <def>古時矯正弓的器具</def>
 </entry>
</superEntry>

<entry>

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>disproof</orth>
  <pron>dIs"pru:f</pron>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <pos>n</pos>
 </gramGrp>
 <sense n="1">
  <def>facts that disprove something.</def>
 </sense>
 <sense n="2">
  <def>the act of disproving.</def>
 </sense>
</entry>

<entry>

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>證明</orth>
  <pron>zheng-meng</pron>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <pos>名詞</pos>
 </gramGrp>
 <sense n="1">
  <def>可靠的證據或事實</def>
 </sense>
 <sense n="2">
  <def>用可靠的證據或事實來表明或斷定人或事物的真實性。</def>
 </sense>
</entry>

<entryFree>

<entryFree>
 <orth>biryani</orth> or <orth>biriani</orth>
 <pron>(%bIrI"A:nI)</pron>
 <def>any of a variety of Indian dishes ...</def>
 <etym>[from <lang>Urdu</lang>]</etym>
</entryFree>

<entryFree>

<entryFree>
 <orth>折羅</orth><orth>遮羅</orth>
 <pron>zhe2 luo2</pron>
 <def>Cālā (人名)</def>
 <etym>音譯自 <lang>梵文</lang>
 </etym>
</entryFree>

<hom>

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>bray</orth>
  <pron>breI</pron>
 </form>
 <hom>
  <gramGrp>
   <pos>n</pos>
  </gramGrp>
  <def>cry of an ass; sound of a trumpet.</def>
 </hom>
 <hom>
  <gramGrp>
   <pos>vt</pos>
   <subc>VP2A</subc>
  </gramGrp>
  <def>make a cry or sound of this kind.</def>
 </hom>
</entry>

<hom>

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth></orth>
  <pron>jiang4</pron>
 </form>
 <hom>
  <gramGrp>
   <pos></pos>
  </gramGrp>
  <def>軍階名;技藝優良的人。</def>
 </hom>
 <hom>
  <gramGrp>
   <pos>動詞</pos>
   <subc>及物</subc>
  </gramGrp>
  <def>統率軍隊</def>
 </hom>
</entry>

<sense>

<sense n="2">
 <usg type="time">Vx.</usg>
 <def>Vaillance, bravoure (spécial., au combat)</def>
 <cit type="example">
  <quote>La valeur n'attend pas le nombre des années</quote>
  <bibl>
   <author>Corneille</author>
  </bibl>
 </cit>
</sense>

<sense>

<sense n="2">
 <usg type="time">現代</usg>
 <def>胭脂和香粉,舊時借指婦女</def>
 <cit type="example">
  <quote>那一年頌蓮留著齊耳的短髮,用一條天藍色的緞帶箍住,她的臉是圓圓的,不施脂粉,但顯得有點蒼白。</quote>
  <bibl>
   <author>蘇童</author>
  </bibl>
 </cit>
</sense>

<dictScrap>

<entry>
 <dictScrap>
  <orth>biryani</orth> or <orth>biriani</orth>
  <pron>(%bIrI"A:nI)</pron>
  <def>any of a variety of Indian dishes ...</def>
  <etym>[from <lang>Urdu</lang>]</etym>
 </dictScrap>
</entry>

<dictScrap>

<entry>
 <dictScrap>
  <orth>折羅</orth><orth>遮羅</orth>
  <pron>zhe2 luo2</pron>
  <def>Cālā (人名)</def>
  <etym>音譯自 <lang>梵文</lang>
  </etym>
 </dictScrap>
</entry>

9.2.2 Groups and Constituents

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>competitor</orth>
  <hyph>com|peti|tor</hyph>
  <pron>k@m"petit@(r)</pron>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <pos>n</pos>
 </gramGrp>
 <def>person who competes.</def>
</entry>

9.2.2 Groups and Constituents

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>disproof</orth>
  <pron>dIs"pru:f</pron>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <pos>n</pos>
 </gramGrp>
 <sense n="1">
  <def>facts that disprove something.</def>
 </sense>
 <sense n="2">
  <def>the act of disproving.</def>
 </sense>
</entry>

9.2.2 Groups and Constituents

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>bray</orth>
  <pron>breI</pron>
 </form>
 <hom>
  <gramGrp>
   <pos>n</pos>
  </gramGrp>
  <def>cry of an ass; sound of a trumpet.</def>
 </hom>
 <hom>
  <gramGrp>
   <pos>vt</pos>
   <subc>VP2A</subc>
  </gramGrp>
  <def>make a cry or sound of this kind.</def>
 </hom>
</entry>

9.2.2 Groups and Constituents

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>careen</orth>
  <hyph>ca|reen</hyph>
  <pron>k@"ri:n</pron>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <pos>vt</pos>
  <pos>vi</pos>
 </gramGrp>
 <sense n="1">
  <gramGrp>
   <subc>VP6A</subc>
  </gramGrp>
  <def>turn (a ship) on one side for cleaning, repairing, etc.</def>
 </sense>
 <sense n="2">
  <gramGrp>
   <subc>VP6A</subc>
   <subc>VP2A</subc>
  </gramGrp>
  <def>(cause to) tilt, lean over to one side.</def>
 </sense>
</entry>

9.2.2 Groups and Constituents

<superEntry>
 <form>
  <orth>abandon</orth>
  <hyph>a|ban|don</hyph>
  <pron>@"band@n</pron>
 </form>
 <entry n="1">
  <gramGrp>
   <pos>v</pos>
   <subc>T1</subc>
  </gramGrp>
  <sense n="1">
   <def>to leave completely and for ever … </def>
  </sense>
  <sense n="2"/>
 </entry>
 <entry n="2">
  <gramGrp>
   <pos>n</pos>
   <subc>U</subc>
  </gramGrp>
  <def>the state when one's feelings and actions are uncontrolled; freedom
     from control…</def>
 </entry>
</superEntry>

9.3.2 Grammatical Information

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>wits</orth>
  <pron>wIts</pron>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <number>pl</number>
  <pos>n</pos>
 </gramGrp>
 <sense n="1">
  <gramGrp>
   <number>sometimes sing.</number>
  </gramGrp>
  <def>the ability to reason and act, esp. quickly …</def>
 </sense>
</entry>

9.3.3.1 Definitions

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>demigod</orth>
  <pron></pron>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <pos>n</pos>
 </gramGrp>
 <sense n="1">
  <sense n="a">
   <def>a being who is part mortal, part god.</def>
  </sense>
  <sense n="b">
   <def>a lesser deity.</def>
  </sense>
 </sense>
 <sense n="2">
  <def>a godlike person.</def>
 </sense>
</entry>

9.3.3.1 Definitions

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>rémoulade</orth>
  <pron>Remulad</pron>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <pos>n</pos>
  <gen>f</gen>
 </gramGrp>
 <cit type="translation" xml:lang="en">
  <quote>remoulade</quote>
  <quote>rémoulade</quote>
  <def>dressing containing mustard and herbs</def>
 </cit>
</entry>

<def>

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>competitor</orth>
  <hyph>com|peti|tor</hyph>
  <pron>k@m"petit@(r)</pron>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <pos>n</pos>
 </gramGrp>
 <def>person who competes.</def>
</entry>

<def>

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth></orth>
  <hyph>( 因漢字無法以連字符號拆解,故不提供範例。)</hyph>
  <pron>yin</pron>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <pos>名詞</pos>
 </gramGrp>
 <def>物體受振動所發出的聲響;人口裡發出的聲響或腔調。</def>
</entry>

9.3.3.2 Translation Equivalents

<entry>
 <cit type="translation" xml:lang="en">
  <quote>OAS</quote>
  <def>illegal military organization supporting French rule of
     Algeria</def>
 </cit>
</entry>

9.3.3.2 Translation Equivalents

<entry type="foreign">
 <form>
  <orth>havdalah</orth>
  <orth>havdoloh</orth>
 </form>
 <usg type="dom">Judaism</usg>
 <def>the ceremony marking the end of the sabbath or of a festival,
   including the blessings over wine, candles and spices.</def>
 <cit type="translation" xml:lang="en">
  <note>literally</note>
  <quote>separation</quote>
 </cit>
</entry>

9.3.4 Etymological Information

<entry>
 <etym>
  <lang>F</lang> fr. <lang>ML</lang>
  <mentioned>pneuma</mentioned>
  <mentioned>neuma</mentioned> fr. <lang>Gk</lang>
  <mentioned>pneuma</mentioned>
  <gloss>breath</gloss>
  <xr type="etym">more at <ptr target="#pneumatic"/>
  </xr>
 </etym>
 <def>any of various symbols … </def>
</entry>
<!-- ... -->
<entry xml:id="pneumatic">
<!-- ... -->
</entry>

9.3.5.1 Examples

<sense n="2">
 <usg type="time">Vx.</usg>
 <def>Vaillance, bravoure (spécial., au combat)</def>
 <cit type="example">
  <quote>La valeur n'attend pas le nombre des années</quote>
  <bibl>
   <author>Corneille</author>
  </bibl>
 </cit>
</sense>

9.3.5.3 Cross-References to Other Entries

<def>contenant un vice de forme ou passé par un <ptr target="#incapable"/>.</def>

9.3.5.3 Cross-References to Other Entries

<sense n="4">
 <usg type="dom">imprim</usg>
 <def>Donner a (une ligne) une longeur convenable au moyen de
 <ref target="#blanc-2.1.3">blancs (2, sens 1, 3)</ref>
 </def>
</sense>
<entry xml:id="blanc" n="2">
<!-- ... -->
 <sense n="1">
<!-- ... -->
  <def xml:id="blanc-2.1.3">...</def>
<!-- ... -->
 </sense>
<!-- ... -->
</entry>

9.3.6 Related Entries

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>bevvy</orth>
  <pron>"bEvI</pron>
 </form>
 <usg type="reg">Dialect</usg>
 <hom>
  <gramGrp>
   <pos>n</pos>
  </gramGrp>
  <sense n="1">
   <def>a drink, esp. an alcoholic one: we had a few bevvies last night.</def>
  </sense>
 </hom>
<!-- ... sense 2 ... -->
 <hom>
  <gramGrp>
   <pos>vb</pos>
  </gramGrp>
  <sense n="3">
   <def>to drink alcohol</def>
  </sense>
 </hom>
 <etym>probably from <lang>Old French</lang>
  <mentioned>bevee</mentioned>, <mentioned>buvee</mentioned>
  <gloss>drinking</gloss>
 </etym>
 <re type="derived">
  <form>
   <orth>bevvied</orth>
  </form>
  <gramGrp>
   <pos>adj</pos>
  </gramGrp>
 </re>
</entry>

<re>

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>neu·ral</orth>
  <pron>'n(y)ūr-əl</pron>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <pos>adj</pos>
 </gramGrp>
 <sense n="1">
  <def>of, relating to, or affecting a nerve or the nervous system</def>
 </sense>
 <sense n="2"> ... </sense>
 <re>
  <form>
   <orth>neurally</orth>
   <pron extent="suffix">-ə-lē</pron>
  </form>
  <gramGrp>
   <pos>adv</pos>
  </gramGrp>
 </re>
</entry>

<re>

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>調皮</orth>
  <pron>tiau2 pi2</pron>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <pos>形容詞</pos>
 </gramGrp>
 <sense n="1">
  <def>不馴順;狡猾不易對付。</def>
 </sense>
 <sense n="2"> ... </sense>
 <re>
  <form>
   <orth>調皮地</orth>
   <pron extent="suffix">tiau2 pi2 de</pron>
  </form>
  <gramGrp>
   <pos>副詞</pos>
  </gramGrp>
 </re>
</entry>

<re>

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth> abeja </orth>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <gen> 陰性 </gen>
 </gramGrp>
 <sense n="1.">
  <usg type="domain"> 昆蟲學</usg>,<def> 蜜蜂 </def>. </sense>
 <sense n="2.">
  <def> 忙碌的蜜蜂,工作狂 </def></sense>
 <sense n="3.">
  <usg orig="A." type="domain"> 天文學 </usg>, <def> 蒼蠅座</def></sense>
 <re>
  <form>
   <orth orig="a. albanila"> abeja albanila </orth>, </form>
  <sense>
   <def>石巢蜂 </def>; </sense>
 </re>
 <re>
  <form>
   <orth orig="a. carpintera"> abeja carpintera </orth>, </form>
  <sense>
   <def> 木匠蜂 </def>; </sense>
 </re>
 <re>
  <form>
   <orth xml:id="zh-tw_re-o1" orig="a. reina or maestra"> abeja reina </orth>
   <orth mergedIn="#zh-tw_re-o1"> abeja maestra </orth>
  </form>
  <sense>
   <def> 女王蜂</def>; </sense>
 </re>
 <re>
  <form>
   <orth xml:id="zh-tw_re-o2" orig="a. neutra or obrera"> abeja neutra </orth>
   <orth mergedIn="#zh-tw_re-o2"> abeja obrera </orth>
  </form>
  <sense>
   <def> 工蜂 </def></sense>
 </re>
</entry>

<re>

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>abeja</orth>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <gen>f. </gen>
 </gramGrp>
 <sense n="1.">
  <usg type="domain"> (ento.) </usg>
  <def> bee </def>. </sense>
 <sense n="2.">
  <def> busy bee, hard worker </def>. </sense>
 <sense n="3.">
  <usg orig="A." type="domain"> (astron.) </usg>, <def> Musca </def></sense>
 <re>
  <form>
   <orth orig="a. albanila"> abeja albanila </orth>, </form>
  <sense>
   <def>mason bee</def>;</sense>
 </re>
 <re>
  <form>
   <orth orig="a. carpintera"> abeja carpintera </orth>, </form>
  <sense>
   <def>carpenter bee </def>;</sense>
 </re>
 <re>
  <form>
   <orth xml:id="re-o3" orig="a. reina or maestra"> abeja reina </orth>
   <orth mergedIn="#re-o4"> abeja maestra </orth>
  </form>
  <sense>
   <def> queen bee </def>;</sense>
 </re>
 <re>
  <form>
   <orth xml:id="re-o4" orig="a. neutra or obrera"> abeja neutra </orth>
   <orth mergedIn="#re-o3"> abeja obrera </orth>
  </form>
  <sense>
   <def>worker bee</def>.</sense>
 </re>
</entry>

<re>

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth> abeja </orth>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <gen> f. </gen>
 </gramGrp>
 <sense n="1.">
  <usg type="domain"> (ento.) </usg>
  <def> bee </def>. </sense>
 <sense n="2.">
  <def> busy bee, hard worker </def>. </sense>
 <sense n="3.">
  <usg orig="A." type="domain"> (astron.) </usg>, <def> Musca </def></sense>
 <re>
  <form>
   <orth orig="a. albanila"> abeja albanila </orth>, </form>
  <sense>
   <def> mason bee </def>; </sense>
 </re>
 <re>
  <form>
   <orth orig="a. carpintera"> abeja carpintera </orth>, </form>
  <sense>
   <def> carpenter bee </def>; </sense>
 </re>
 <re>
  <form>
   <orth xml:id="re-o1" orig="a. reina or maestra"> abeja reina </orth>
   <orth mergedIn="#re-o1"> abeja maestra </orth>
  </form>
  <sense>
   <def> queen bee </def>; </sense>
 </re>
 <re>
  <form>
   <orth xml:id="re-o2" orig="a. neutra or obrera"> abeja neutra </orth>
   <orth mergedIn="#re-o2"> abeja obrera </orth>
  </form>
  <sense>
   <def> worker bee </def> . </sense>
 </re>
</entry>

9.4 Headword and Pronunciation References

<def>army officer above a lieutenant-<oRef/>
</def>

9.4 Headword and Pronunciation References

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth xml:id="di-o1">vag-</orth>
  <orth xml:id="di-o2">vago-</orth>
 </form>
 <def>vagus nerve</def>
 <cit type="example">
  <quote>
   <oRef target="#di-o1" type="nohyph"/>al</quote>
  <quote>
   <oRef target="#di-o2" type="nohyph"/>tomy</quote>
 </cit>
</entry>

9.5.1 Editorial View

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>pinna</orth>
  <pron>("pIn@)</pron>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <pos>n.</pos>, </gramGrp>
 <form type="infl">
  <number>pl.</number>
  <form>
   <orth type="lat" extent="part">-nae</orth>
   <pron extent="part">(-ni:)</pron>
  </form> or <orth type="std" extent="part">-nas</orth>
 </form>
 <sense n="1">1. <def>any leaflet of a pinnate compound leaf.</def>
 </sense>
 <sense n="2">2. <usg type="dom">Zoology</usg>
  <def>a feather, wing, fin, or similarly shaped part.</def>
 </sense>
 <sense n="3">3. <xr type="syn">
   <lbl>another name for</lbl>
   <ref target="#auricle.2">auricle (sense 2).</ref>
  </xr>
 </sense>
 <etym>[<date>C18</date>: via <lang>New Latin</lang> from <lang>Latin</lang>:
 <gloss>wing</gloss>, <gloss>feather</gloss>,
 <gloss>fin</gloss>]</etym>
</entry>
<entry xml:id="auricle.2">
<!-- .... -->
</entry>

9.5.1 Editorial View

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>pinna</orth>
  <pron>"pIn@</pron>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <pos>n</pos>
 </gramGrp>
 <form type="infl">
  <number>pl</number>
  <form>
   <orth type="lat" extent="part">-nae</orth>
   <pron extent="part">-ni:</pron>
  </form>
  <orth type="std" extent="part">-nas</orth>
 </form>
 <sense n="1">
  <def>any leaflet of a pinnate compound leaf.</def>
 </sense>
 <sense n="2">
  <usg type="dom">Zoology</usg>
  <def>a feather, wing, fin, or similarly shaped part.</def>
 </sense>
 <sense n="3">
  <xr type="syn">
   <lbl>another name for</lbl>
   <ref>auricle (sense 2).</ref>
  </xr>
 </sense>
 <etym>
  <date>C18</date>: via <lang>New Latin</lang> from <lang>Latin</lang>:
 <gloss>wing</gloss>, <gloss>feather</gloss>, <gloss>fin</gloss>
 </etym>
</entry>

9.5.1 Editorial View

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>biryani</orth>
  <orth>biriani</orth>
  <pron rend="noleftparen">%bIrI"A:nI</pron>
 </form>
 <def>any of a variety of Indian dishes … </def>
 <etym>from <lang>Urdu</lang>
 </etym>
</entry>

9.5.2 Lexical View

<entry>
 <form>
  <orth>pinna</orth>
  <pron>"pIn@</pron>
  <form type="infl">
   <number>pl</number>
   <form>
    <orth type="lat">pinnae</orth>
    <pron>'pIni:</pron>
   </form>
   <orth type="std">pinnas</orth>
  </form>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <pos>n</pos>
 </gramGrp>
 <sense n="1">
  <def>any leaflet of a pinnate compound leaf.</def>
 </sense>
 <sense n="2">
  <usg type="dom">Zoology</usg>
  <def>a feather, wing, fin, or similarly shaped part.</def>
 </sense>
 <sense n="3">
  <xr type="syn">
   <ptr target="#auricle.2"/>
  </xr>
 </sense>
 <etym>
  <date>C18</date>: via <lang>New Latin</lang> from <lang>Latin</lang>:
 <gloss>wing</gloss>, <gloss>feather</gloss>, <gloss>fin</gloss>
 </etym>
</entry>

9.5.3.1 Using Attribute Values to Capture Alternate Views

<sense n="1">
 <def>coloured
   chalk made into crayons</def>
 <def>picture drawn with coloured chalk
   made into crayons</def>
</sense>

9.5.3.1 Using Attribute Values to Capture Alternate Views

<sense n="1">
 <def next="#d2" xml:id="d1" opt="true">picture drawn
   with</def>
 <def prev="#d1" xml:id="d2">coloured chalk made into
   crayons</def>
</sense>

9.6 Unstructured Entries

<entryFree>
 <form>
  <orth>demigod</orth>
  <hyph>demi|god</hyph>
  <pron>"demIgQd</pron>
 </form>
 <gramGrp>
  <pos>n</pos>
 </gramGrp>
 <def>one who is partly divine and partly human</def>
 <def>(in Gk myth, etc) the son of a god and a mortal woman, eg
 <mentioned>Hercules</mentioned>
 </def>
 <pron>"h3:kjUli:z</pron>
</entryFree>

9.6 Unstructured Entries

<entryFree>
 <orth>biryani</orth> or <orth>biriani</orth>
 <pron>(%bIrI"A:nI)</pron>
 <def>any of a variety of Indian dishes …</def>
 <etym>[from <lang>Urdu</lang>]</etym>
</entryFree>

9.6 Unstructured Entries

<entry>
 <dictScrap>
  <orth>biryani</orth> or <orth>biriani</orth>
  <pron>(%bIrI"A:nI)</pron>
  <def>any of a variety of Indian dishes …</def>
  <etym>[from <lang>Urdu</lang>]</etym>
 </dictScrap>
</entry>

13 Names, Dates, People, and Places


13.3.5 Names and Nyms

<geogName key="LAEI1" type="hill">
 <geogFeat xml:lang="gd" nymRef="#LAIRG">Lairig</geogFeat>
 <name>Eilde</name>
</geogName>
...

<nym xml:id="LAIRG">
 <form xml:lang="gd">lairig</form>
 <def>sloping hill face</def>
</nym>
...