10 Manuscript Description
內容
TEI: Overview¶10.1 Overview
The msdescription module39 defines a special purpose element which can be used to provide detailed descriptive information about handwritten primary sources. Although originally developed to meet the needs of cataloguers and scholars working with medieval manuscripts in the European tradition, the scheme presented here is general enough that it can also be extended to other traditions and materials, and is potentially useful for any kind of inscribed artefact.
The scheme described here is also intended to accommodate the needs of many different classes of encoders. On the one hand, encoders may be engaged in retrospective conversion of existing detailed descriptions and catalogues into machine tractable form; on the other, they may be engaged in cataloguing ex nihilo, that is, creating new detailed descriptions for materials never before catalogued. Some may be primarily concerned to represent accurately the description itself, as opposed to the ideas and interpretations the description represents; others may have entirely opposite priorities. At one extreme, a project may simply wish to capture an existing catalogue in a form that can be displayed on the Web, and which can be searched for literal strings, or for such features such as titles, authors and dates; at the other, a project may wish to create, in highly structured and encoded form, a detailed database of information about the physical characteristics, history, interpretation, etc. of the material, able to support practitioners of quantitative codicology as well as librarians.
To cater for this diversity, here as elsewhere, these Guidelines propose a flexible strategy, in which encoders must choose for themselves the approach appropriate to their needs, and are provided with a choice of encoding mechanisms to support those differing degrees.
TEI: The Manuscript Description Element¶10.2 The Manuscript Description Element
The msDesc element will normally appear within the sourceDesc element of the header of a TEI-conformant document, where the document being encoded is a digital representation of some manuscript original, whether as an encoded transcription, as a collection of digital images (as described in 11.1 Digital Facsimiles), or as some combination of the two. However, in cases where the document being encoded is essentially a collection of manuscript descriptions, the msDesc element may be used in the same way as the bibliographic elements (bibl, biblFull, and biblStruct) making up the TEI element class model.biblLike. These typically appear within the listBibl element.
- msDesc 包含單一份可識別手稿的描述。
The msDesc element has the following components, which provide more detailed information under a number of headings. Each of these component elements is further described in the remainder of this chapter.
- msIdentifier 包含識別敘述中的手稿所需要的資訊。
- head (標題) 包含任何種類的標題,如章節、列表、詞彙表、寫本描述等的標題。
- msContents (manuscript contents) 描述手稿或手稿部分的智慧內容,可以是一系列的文字段落,或是一系列有組織的手稿項目。
- physDesc 包含一個手稿或手稿部分的完整材質描述,可以利用model.physDescPart class中的專門元素選擇性地再分類。
- history 匯集描述手稿或手稿部分完整歷史的元素。
- additional 匯集附加資訊,結合手稿的書目資訊、或是手稿的代替副本,包含管理或行政資訊。
- msPart 包含原為單一、現為複合手稿一部份的手稿或手稿部分的相關資訊。
The first of these components, msIdentifier, is the only one which is mandatory; it is described in more detail in 10.4 The Manuscript Identifier below. It is followed optionally by one or more head elements, each holding a brief heading (see 10.5 The Manuscript Heading), and then either one or more paragraphs, marked up as a series of p elements, or one or more of the specialized elements msContents (10.6 Intellectual Content), physDesc (10.7 Physical Description), history (10.8 History), and additional (10.9 Additional Information). These elements are all optional, but if used they must appear in the order given here. Finally, in the case of a composite manuscript, a full description may also contain one or more msPart elements (10.10 Manuscript Parts).
To demonstrate the use of this module, consider the following sample manuscript description, chosen more or less at random from the Bodleian Library's Summary catalogue ([158])
<msIdentifier>
<settlement>Oxford</settlement>
<repository>Bodleian Library</repository>
<idno>MS. Add. A. 61</idno>
<altIdentifier type="SC">
<idno>28843</idno>
</altIdentifier>
</msIdentifier>
<p>In Latin, on parchment: written in more than one hand of the 13th
cent. in England: 7¼ x 5⅜ in., i + 55 leaves, in double columns: with
a few coloured capitals.</p>
<p>'Hic incipit Bruitus Anglie,' the De origine et gestis Regum
Angliae of Geoffrey of Monmouth (Galfridus Monumetensis: beg. 'Cum
mecum multa & de multis.'</p>
<p>On fol. 54v very faint is 'Iste liber est fratris guillelmi de
buria de ... Roberti ordinis fratrum Pred[icatorum],' 14th cent. (?):
'hanauilla' is written at the foot of the page (15th cent.). Bought
from the rev. W. D. Macray on March 17, 1863, for £1 10s.</p>
</msDesc>
<msIdentifier>
<settlement>Oxford</settlement>
<repository>Bodleian Library</repository>
<idno>MS. Add. A. 61</idno>
<altIdentifier type="SC">
<idno>28843</idno>
</altIdentifier>
</msIdentifier>
<msContents>
<p>
<quote>Hic incipit Bruitus Anglie,</quote> the
<title>De origine et gestis Regum Angliae</title>
of Geoffrey of Monmouth (Galfridus Monumetensis):
beg. <quote>Cum mecum multa & de multis.</quote>
In Latin.</p>
</msContents>
<physDesc>
<p>
<material>Parchment</material>: written in
more than one hand: 7¼ x 5⅜ in., i + 55 leaves, in double
columns: with a few coloured capitals.</p>
</physDesc>
<history>
<p>Written in
<origPlace>England</origPlace> in the
<origDate>13th cent.</origDate> On fol. 54v very faint is
<quote>Iste liber est fratris guillelmi de buria de ... Roberti
ordinis fratrum Pred[icatorum],</quote> 14th cent. (?):
<quote>hanauilla</quote> is written at the foot of the page
(15th cent.). Bought from the rev. W. D. Macray on March 17, 1863, for
£1 10s.</p>
</history>
</msDesc>
<msIdentifier>
<settlement>Oxford</settlement>
<repository>Bodleian Library</repository>
<idno>MS. Add. A. 61</idno>
<altIdentifier type="SC">
<idno>28843</idno>
</altIdentifier>
</msIdentifier>
<msContents>
<msItem>
<author xml:lang="en">Geoffrey of Monmouth</author>
<author xml:lang="la">Galfridus Monumetensis</author>
<title type="uniform" xml:lang="la">De origine et
gestis Regum Angliae</title>
<rubric xml:lang="la">Hic incipit Bruitus Anglie</rubric>
<incipit xml:lang="la">Cum mecum multa & de multis</incipit>
<textLang mainLang="la">Latin</textLang>
</msItem>
</msContents>
<physDesc>
<objectDesc form="codex">
<supportDesc material="perg">
<support>
<p>Parchment.</p>
</support>
<extent>i + 55 leaves
<dimensions scope="all" type="leaf"
unit="inch">
<height>7¼</height>
<width>5⅜</width>
</dimensions>
</extent>
</supportDesc>
<layoutDesc>
<layout columns="2">
<p>In double columns.</p>
</layout>
</layoutDesc>
</objectDesc>
<handDesc>
<p>Written in more than one hand.</p>
</handDesc>
<decoDesc>
<p>With a few coloured capitals.</p>
</decoDesc>
</physDesc>
<history>
<origin>
<p>Written in <origPlace>England</origPlace> in the <origDate notAfter="1300"
notBefore="1200">13th cent.</origDate>
</p>
</origin>
<provenance>
<p>On fol. 54v very faint is
<quote xml:lang="la">Iste liber est fratris guillelmi de buria de <gap/>
Roberti ordinis fratrum
Pred<ex>icatorum</ex>
</quote>, 14th cent. (?):
<quote>hanauilla</quote> is written at the foot of the page
(15th cent.).</p>
</provenance>
<acquisition>
<p>Bought from the rev. <name key="MCRAYWD">W. D. Macray</name> on
<date when="1863-03-17">March 17, 1863</date>, for £1 10s.</p>
</acquisition>
</history>
</msDesc>
TEI: Phrase-level Elements¶10.3 Phrase-level Elements
When the msdescription module is in use, several extra elements are added to the phrase level class, and thus become available within paragraphs and elsewhere in the document. These elements are listed below in alphabetical order:
- catchwords 描述一疊書頁裝訂成手抄本或書冊時,確保書頁順序無誤的方法,通常是利用頁腳的註記。
- dimensions 尺寸的詳細說明。
- heraldry 包含一個紋章學的常規或詞彙,通常是裝飾、或盾形紋章等的一部分。
- locus 定義一個手稿或手稿部分裡的位置,通常是用一系列的 (可能不連續的) 頁面參照。
- locusGrp groups a number of locations which together form a distinct but discontinuous item within a manuscript or manuscript part, according to a specific foliation.
- material 用一個字詞描述手稿 (或手稿部分) 的組成材料。
- watermark 包含一個字詞,描述一個浮水印或是類似圖案。
- objectType contains a word or phrase describing the type of object being referred to.
- origDate 包含任何格式的日期,用以確認手稿或手稿部分的來源日期。
- origPlace 包含任何格式的地名,用以確認手稿或手稿部分的來源地點。
- secFol 從手抄本中固定位置所拿開的一個或多個字 (通常在第二張書頁的開頭) ,目的是提供一個專有的識別符號。
- signatures 包含手抄本中一張或一疊書頁內簽名的敘述。
Within a manuscript description, many other standard TEI phrase level elements are available, notably those described in the Core module (3 Elements Available in All TEI Documents). Additional elements of particular relevance to manuscript description, such as those for names and dates, may also be made available by including the relevant module in one's schema.
TEI: Origination¶10.3.1 Origination
The following elements may be used to provide information about the origins of any aspect of a manuscript:
The origDate and origPlace elements are specialized forms of the existing date and name elements respectively, used to indicate specifically the date and place of origin of a manuscript or manuscript part. Such information would normally be encoded within the history element, discussed in section 10.8 History. origDate and origPlace can also be used to identify the place or date of origin of any aspect of the manuscript, such as its decoration or binding, when these are not of the same date or from the same location as rest of the manuscript. Both these elements are members of the att.editLike class, from which they inherit many attributes.
The origDate element is a member of the att.datable class, and may thus also carry additional attributes giving normalized values for the associated dating.
TEI: Material and Object Type¶10.3.2 Material and Object Type
The material element can be used to tag any specific term used for the physical material of which a manuscript (or binding, seal, etc.) is composed. The objectType element may be used to tag any term specifying the type of object or manuscript upon with the text is written.
- material 用一個字詞描述手稿 (或手稿部分) 的組成材料。
- objectType contains a word or phrase describing the type of object being referred to.
<p>Brown <material>calfskin</material>, previously with two clasps.</p>
</binding>
<p>
<material>Parchment</material>
<objectType>codex</objectType> with half <material>goat-leather</material> binding.</p>
</support>
TEI: Watermarks and Stamps¶10.3.3 Watermarks and Stamps
Two further elements are provided to mark up other decorative features characteristic of manuscript leaves and bindings:
<material>Rag
paper</material> with <watermark>anchor</watermark>
watermark
</support>
<lb/>Apologyticu TTVLLIANI AC IGNORATIA IN XPO IHV<lb/>SI NON LICET<lb/>NOBIS RO<lb/>manii imperii <stamp>Bodleian stamp</stamp>
<lb/>
</rubric>
<p>Modern calf recasing with original armorial stamp
<stamp>with legend <mentioned xml:lang="LA">Ex
Bibliotheca J. Richard D.M.</mentioned>
</stamp>
</p>
</binding>
If, as here, any text contained by a stamp is included in its description it should be clearly distinguished from that description. The element mentioned may be used for this purpose, as shown above.
TEI: Dimensions¶10.3.4 Dimensions
The dimensions element can be used to specify the size of some aspect of the manuscript, and thus may be thought of as a specialized form of the existing TEI measure element.
- dimensions 尺寸的詳細說明。
type 指出物件被測量的部分。 實例值包含: 1] leaves; 2] ruled; 3] pricked; 4] written; 5] miniatures; 6] binding; 7] box
The dimensions element will normally occur within the element describing the particular feature or aspect of a manuscript whose dimensions are being given; thus the size of the leaves would be specified within the support or extent element (part of the physDesc element discussed in 10.7.1 Object Description), while the dimensions of other specific parts of a manuscript, such as accompanying materials, binding, etc., would be given in other parts of the description, as appropriate.
The following elements are available within the dimensions element:
- height 沿著與書脊平行的軸線所量出的測量值。
- width 沿著與書脊垂直的軸線所量出的測量值
- depth 橫跨書脊的測量值。
- dim contains any single measurement forming part of a dimensional specification of some sort.
These elements, as well as dimensions itself, are all members of the att.dimensions class, which also inherits attributes from the att.ranging class. They all thus carry the following attributes:
- att.dimensions 提供符合某種度量值的屬性值。
scope 測量多個物件時,標明此度量的可應用範圍。 實例值包含: 1] all; 2] most; 3] range extent indicates the size of the object concerned using a project-specific vocabulary combining quantity and units in a single string of words. unit 度量單位的名稱。 被推薦的值包含: 1] cm(centimetres) ; 2] mm(millimetres) ; 3] in(inches) ; 4] lines; 5] chars(characters) quantity specifies the length in the units specified - att.ranging provides attributes for describing numerical ranges.
atLeast gives a minimum estimated value for the approximate measurement. atMost gives a maximum estimated value for the approximate measurement. min where the measurement summarizes more than one observation or a range, supplies the minimum value observed. max where the measurement summarizes more than one observation or a range, supplies the maximum value observed.
Attributes scope, min and max are used only when the measurement applies to several items, for example the size of all leaves in a manuscript; attributes atLeast and atMost are used when the measurement applies to a single item, for example the size of a specific codex, but has had to be estimated. Attribute quantity is used when the measurement can be given exactly, and applies to a single item; this is the usual situation. In this case, the units in which dimensions are measured may be specified using the unit attribute, which will normally take from a closed set of values appropriate to the project, using standard units of measurement wherever possible, such as following values: cm, mm, in, line, char. If however the only data available for the measurement uses some other unit, or it is preferred to normalize it in some other way, then it may be supplied as a string value by means of the extent attribute.
atLeast="20"/>
max="30"/>
<height scope="most" quantity="90"
unit="mm"/>
<width scope="most" quantity="48" unit="mm"/>
</dimensions>
<dimensions type="leaves">
<height min="157" max="160" unit="mm"/>
<width quantity="105"/>
</dimensions>
<dim type="circumference" quantity="48"
unit="mm"/>
<height quantity="90" unit="mm"/>
</dimensions>
The order in which components of the dimensions element may be supplied is not constrained.
TEI: References to Locations within a Manuscript¶10.3.5 References to Locations within a Manuscript
The locus and its grouping element locusGrp element are specialized forms of the ref element, used to indicate a location, or sequence of locations, within a manuscript.
- locus 定義一個手稿或手稿部分裡的位置,通常是用一系列的 (可能不連續的) 頁面參照。
from 用正規格式指明該位置的起始點。 to 用正規格式指明該位置的結束點。 scheme 說明所指出位置的編頁架構。 - locusGrp groups a number of locations which together form a distinct but discontinuous item within a manuscript or manuscript part, according to a specific foliation.
scheme identifies the foliation scheme in terms of which all the locations contained by the group are specified by pointing to some foliation element defining it, or to some other equivalent resource.
The locus element is used to reference a single location within a manuscript, typically to specify the location occupied by the element within which it appears. If, for example, it is used as the first component of a msItem or msItemStruct element, or of any of the more specific elements appearing within one (see further section 10.6 Intellectual Content below) then it is understood to specify the location (or locations) of that item within the manuscript being described.
TEI: Identifying a Location¶10.3.5.1 Identifying a Location
<locus>ff. 1-24r</locus>
<title>Apocalypsis beati Ioannis Apostoli</title>
</msItem>
<locus from="1r" to="24r">ff. 1-24r</locus>
<title>Apocalypsis beati Ioannis Apostoli</title>
</msItem>
<locus>ff. 1-12v, 18-24r</locus>
<title>Apocalypsis beati Ioannis Apostoli</title>
</msItem>
<locusGrp>
<locus from="1r" to="12v">ff. 1-12v</locus>
<locus from="18" to="24r">ff. 18-24r</locus>
</locusGrp>
<title>Apocalypsis beati Ioannis Apostoli</title>
</msItem>
<locusGrp>
<locus from="1r" to="12v"/>
<locus from="18" to="24r"/>
</locusGrp>
<title>Apocalypsis beati Ioannis Apostoli</title>
</msItem>
TEI: Linking a Location to a Transcription or an Image¶10.3.5.2 Linking a Location to a Transcription or an Image
The locus attribute can also be used to associate a location within a manuscript with facsimile images of that location, using the facs attribute, or with a transcription of the text occurring at that location. The former association is effected by means of the facs attribute; the latter by means of the target attribute.
<locus facs="images/08v.jpg images/09r.jpg images/09v.jpg images/10r.jpg images/10v.jpg">fols. 8v-10v</locus>
<title>Birds Praise of Love</title>
<bibl>
<title>IMEV</title>
<biblScope>1506</biblScope>
</bibl>
</msItem>
<p>Several of the miniatures in this section have been damaged and
overpainted at a later date (e.g. the figure of Christ on <locus facs="http://www.example.com/images.fr#F33R">fol. 33r</locus>; the
face of the Shepherdess on <locus facs="http://www.example.com/images.fr#F59V">fol. 59v</locus>,
etc.).</p>
</decoDesc>
<locus target="#f1r #f1v #f2r">ff. 1r-2r</locus>
<author>Ben Jonson</author>
<title>Ode to himself</title>
<rubric rend="italics">
<lb/>
An Ode<lb/> to him selfe.</rubric>
<incipit>Com leaue the loathed stage</incipit>
<explicit>And see his chariot triumph ore his wayne.</explicit>
<bibl>
<name>Beal</name>, <title>Index 1450-1625</title>, JnB 380</bibl>
</msItem>
<!-- within transcription ... -->
<pb xml:id="f1r"/>
<!-- ... -->
<pb xml:id="f1v"/>
<!-- ... -->
<pb xml:id="f2r"/>
<!-- ... -->
When (as in this example) a sequence of elements is to be supplied as target value, it may be given explicitly as above, or using the xPointer range() syntax defined at 16.2.4.6 range(). Note however that support for this pointer mechanism is not widespread in current XML processing systems.
The target attribute should only be used to point to elements that contain or indicate a transcription of the locus being described. To associate a locus element with a page image or other comparable representation, the global facs attribute should be used instead.
TEI: Using Multiple Location Schemes¶10.3.5.3 Using Multiple Location Schemes
<locus scheme="#modern">135</locus>
<locus>XCIII</locus>
<locus>CC-CCII</locus>
</locusGrp>
<locusGrp scheme="#modern">
<locus>135</locus>
<locus>197-204</locus>
</locusGrp>
TEI: Names of Persons, Places, and Organizations¶10.3.6 Names of Persons, Places, and Organizations
The standard TEI element name may be used to identify names of any kind occurring within a description:
- name (名稱,特定名稱) 包含一個特定名稱 或名詞詞組。
As further discussed in 3.5.1 Referring Strings, this element is a member of the class att.canonical, from which it inherits the following attributes:
- att.canonical provides attributes which can be used to associate a representation such as a name or title with canonical information about the object being named or referenced.
key provides an externally-defined means of identifying the entity (or entities) being named, using a coded value of some kind. ref (reference) provides an explicit means of locating a full definition or identity for the entity being named by means of one or more URIs.
<name type="place">Villingaholt</name>
<name type="org">Vetus Latina Institut</name>
<name type="person" ref="#HOC001">Occleve</name>
<persName>
<surname>Hoccleve</surname>
<forename>Thomas</forename>
</persName>
<birth notBefore="1368"/>
<occupation>poet</occupation>
<!-- other personal data -->
</person>
Alternatively, the key attribute may be used to supply a unique identifying code for the person referenced by the name independently of both the existence of a person element and the use of the standard URI reference mechanism. If, for example, a project maintains as its authority file some non-digital resource, or uses a database which cannot readily be integrated with other digital resources for this purpose, the unique codes used by such ‘offline’ resources may be used as values for the key attribute. Although such practices clearly reduce the interchangeability of the resulting encoded texts, they may be judged more convenient or practical in certain situations. As explained in 3.5.1 Referring Strings, interchange is improved by use of tag URIs in ref instead of key.
All the person elements referenced by a particular document set should be collected together within a listPerson element, located in the TEI header. This functions as a kind of prosopography for all the people referenced by the set of manuscripts being described, in much the same way as a listBibl element in the back matter may be used to hold bibliographic information for all the works referenced.
When the namesdates module described in chapter 13 Names, Dates, People, and Places is included in a schema, similar mechanisms are used to maintain and reference canonical lists of places or organizations, as further discussed in sections 13.2.3 Place Names and 13.2.2 Organizational Names respectively.
TEI: Catchwords, Signatures, Secundo Folio¶10.3.7 Catchwords, Signatures, Secundo Folio
the inner bounding line, reading from top to bottom.</catchwords>
the remains of a series of quire signatures a-o plus roman figures in
a cursive hand of the fourteenth century.</signatures>
those in quires 10 (1) and 17 (s) in red ink and different from others;
every third quire also signed with red crayon in arabic numerals in the
centre lower margin of the first leaf recto: "2" for quire 4 (f. 19),
"3" for quire 7 (f. 43); "4", barely visible, for quire 10 (f. 65), "5",
in a later hand, for quire 13 (f. 89), "6", in a later hand, for quire
16 (f. 113).</signatures>
TEI: Heraldry¶10.3.8 Heraldry
passant within a bordure bezanty, in chief a crescent for difference</heraldry>
[Cole], crest, and the legend <quote>Cole Deum</quote>.</p>
<!-- ... -->
<p>A c. 8r fregio su due lati, <heraldry>stemma e imprese medicee</heraldry>
racchiudono l'inizio dell'epistolario di Paolino.</p>
TEI: The Manuscript Identifier¶10.4 The Manuscript Identifier
The msIdentifier element is intended to provide an unambiguous means of uniquely identifying a particular manuscript. This may be done in a structured way, by providing information about the holding institution and the call number, shelfmark, or other identifier used to indicate its location within that institution. Alternatively, or in addition, a manuscript may be identified simply by a commonly used name.
- msIdentifier 包含識別敘述中的手稿所需要的資訊。
A manuscript's actual physical location may occasionally be different from its place of ownership; at Cambridge University, for example, manuscripts owned by various colleges are kept in the central University Library. Normally, it is the ownership of the manuscript which should be specified in the manuscript identifier, while additional or more precise information on the physical location of the manuscript can be given within the adminInfo element, discussed in section 10.9.1 Administrative Information below.
The following elements are available within msIdentifier to identify the holding institution:
- country 包含一個地理政治區域名稱,例如民族、國家、殖民地、或聯邦區域,範圍大於一般地區或行政地位較高,但小於國家聯盟性的地理政治區。
- region 包含行政單位的名稱,例如州、省、或郡,範圍大於主政區,但小於國家。
- settlement 包含主行政區的名稱,例如城市、鄉鎮、村莊等單一地理政治或行政單位。
- institution 包含一個組織名稱,例如大學或圖書館,手稿屬於該組織,通常是手稿所在地。
- repository 包含該手稿收藏所在地的名稱,可能是某機構的一部分。
These elements are all structurally equivalent to the standard TEI name element with an appropriate value for its type attribute; however the use of this ‘syntactic sugar’ enables the model for msIdentifier to be constrained rather more tightly than would otherwise be possible. Specifically, only one of each of the elements listed above may appear within the msIdentifier and they must, if present, appear in the order given.
Like name, these elements are all also members of the attribute class att.canonical, and thus can use the attributes key or ref to reference a single standardized source of information about the entity named.
The following elements are used within msIdentifier to provide different ways of identifying the manuscript within its holding institution:
- collection 包含手稿集合的名稱,手稿未必皆位於單一收藏點。
- idno (識別代碼) 提供任何用來識別書目項目的標準或非標準編碼。
- altIdentifier (替換識別符碼) 包含手稿中的一個替換或先前使用的識別符碼,例如先前的分類碼。
- msName (替換名稱) 包含手稿無特定結構的任何形式替換名稱,像是‘ocellus nominum’或是暱稱。
<country>USA</country>
<region>California</region>
<settlement>San Marino</settlement>
<repository>Huntington Library</repository>
<collection>El</collection>
<idno>26 C 9</idno>
<msName>The Ellesmere Chaucer</msName>
</msIdentifier>
<country>USA</country>
<region>California</region>
<settlement>San Marino</settlement>
<repository>Huntington Library</repository>
<idno>El 26 C 9</idno>
<msName>The Ellesmere Chaucer</msName>
</msIdentifier>
<idno>El 26 C 9</idno>
<idno>El 26 C 9</idno>
<country>Hungary</country>
<settlement>Budapest</settlement>
<repository xml:lang="fr"> Bibliothèque de l'Académie des Sciences de Hongrie
</repository>
<collection>Oriental Collection</collection>
<collection>Sandor Kégl Bequest</collection>
<idno>MS 1265</idno>
</msIdentifier>
<country>USA</country>
<region>New Jersey</region>
<settlement>Princeton</settlement>
<repository>Princeton University Library</repository>
<collection>Scheide Library</collection>
<idno>MS 71</idno>
<msName>Blickling Homiliary</msName>
</msIdentifier>
<country>Danmark</country>
<settlement>København</settlement>
<repository>Det Arnamagnæanske Institut</repository>
<idno>AM 45 fol.</idno>
<msName xml:lang="la">Codex Frisianus</msName>
<msName xml:lang="is">Fríssbók</msName>
</msIdentifier>
<settlement>Rossano</settlement>
<repository xml:lang="it">Biblioteca arcivescovile</repository>
<msName xml:lang="la">Codex Rossanensis</msName>
<msName xml:lang="la">Codex purpureus</msName>
<msName xml:lang="en">The Rossano Gospels</msName>
</msIdentifier>
II-M-5
in the collection of the Duque de Osuna, but which now has the shelfmark MS 10237
in the National Library in Madrid: <settlement>Madrid</settlement>
<repository>Biblioteca Nacional</repository>
<idno>MS 10237</idno>
<altIdentifier>
<region>Andalucia</region>
<settlement>Osuna</settlement>
<repository>Duque de Osuna</repository>
<idno>II-M-5</idno>
</altIdentifier>
</msIdentifier>
<settlement>Berkeley</settlement>
<institution>University of California</institution>
<repository>Bancroft Library</repository>
<idno>UCB 16</idno>
<altIdentifier>
<idno>2MS BS1145 I8</idno>
</altIdentifier>
</msIdentifier>
<settlement>Oxford</settlement>
<repository>Bodleian Library</repository>
<idno>MS. Bodley 406</idno>
<altIdentifier type="SC">
<idno>2297</idno>
</altIdentifier>
</msIdentifier>
<msName xml:lang="la">Codex Suprasliensis</msName>
<altIdentifier type="partial">
<settlement>Ljubljana</settlement>
<repository>Narodna in univerzitetna knjiznica</repository>
<idno>MS Kopitar 2</idno>
<note>Contains ff. 10 to 42 only</note>
</altIdentifier>
<altIdentifier type="partial">
<settlement>Warszawa</settlement>
<repository>Biblioteka Narodowa</repository>
<idno>BO 3.201</idno>
</altIdentifier>
<altIdentifier type="partial">
<settlement>Sankt-Peterburg</settlement>
<repository>Rossiiskaia natsional'naia biblioteka</repository>
<idno>Q.p.I.72</idno>
</altIdentifier>
</msIdentifier>
As mentioned above, the smallest possible description is one that contains only the element msIdentifier; good practice in all but exceptional circumstances requires the presence within it of the three sub-elements settlement, repository, and idno, since they provide what is, by common consent, the minimum amount of information necessary to identify a manuscript.
TEI: The Manuscript Heading¶10.5 The Manuscript Heading
- head (標題) 包含任何種類的標題,如章節、列表、詞彙表、寫本描述等的標題。
TEI: Intellectual Content¶10.6 Intellectual Content
The msContents element is used to describe the intellectual content of a manuscript or manuscript part. It comprises either a series of informal prose paragraphs or a series of msItem or msItemStruct elements, each of which provides a more detailed description of a single item contained within the manuscript. These may be prefaced, if desired, by a summary element, which is especially useful where one wishes to provide an overview of a manuscript's contents and describe only some of the items in detail.
- msContents (manuscript contents) 描述手稿或手稿部分的智慧內容,可以是一系列的文字段落,或是一系列有組織的手稿項目。
- msItem 描述手稿或手稿部分的智慧內容中所包含的單一作品或項目。
- msItemStruct 包含某單一作品或項目的結構性描述,該作品或項目存在於手稿或手稿部分的智慧內容中。
- summary contains an overview of the available information concerning some aspect of an item (for example, its intellectual content, history, layout, typography etc.) as a complement or alternative to the more detailed information carried by more specific elements.
<p>A collection of Lollard sermons</p>
</msContents>
<msContents>
<p>Atlas of the world from Western Europe and Africa to Indochina,
containing 27 maps and 26 tables</p>
</msContents>
<msContents>
<p>Biblia sacra: Antiguo y Nuevo Testamento, con prefacios, prólogos
y argumentos de san Jerónimo y de otros. Interpretaciones de los
nombres hebreos.</p>
</msContents>
<msItem n="1">
<locus>fols. 5r -7v</locus>
<title>An ABC</title>
<bibl>
<title>IMEV</title>
<biblScope>239</biblScope>
</bibl>
</msItem>
<msItem n="2">
<locus>fols. 7v -8v</locus>
<title xml:lang="fr">Lenvoy de Chaucer a Scogan</title>
<bibl>
<title>IMEV</title>
<biblScope>3747</biblScope>
</bibl>
</msItem>
<msItem n="3">
<locus>fol. 8v</locus>
<title>Truth</title>
<bibl>
<title>IMEV</title>
<biblScope>809</biblScope>
</bibl>
</msItem>
<msItem n="4">
<locus>fols. 8v-10v</locus>
<title>Birds Praise of Love</title>
<bibl>
<title>IMEV</title>
<biblScope>1506</biblScope>
</bibl>
</msItem>
<msItem n="5">
<locus>fols. 10v -11v</locus>
<title xml:lang="la">De amico ad amicam</title>
<title xml:lang="la">Responcio</title>
<bibl>
<title>IMEV</title>
<biblScope>16 & 19</biblScope>
</bibl>
</msItem>
<msItem n="6">
<locus>fols. 14r-126v</locus>
<title>Troilus and Criseyde</title>
<note>Bk. 1:71-Bk. 5:1701, with additional losses due to
mutilation throughout</note>
</msItem>
</msContents>
The summary element may be used in conjunction with one or more msItem elements if it is desired to provide both a general summary of the contents of a manuscript and more detail about some or all of the individual items within it. It may not however be used within an individual msItem element.
<summary>A collection of Lollard sermons</summary>
<msItem n="1">
<locus>fol. 4r-8r</locus>
<title>3rd Sunday Before Lent</title>
</msItem>
<msItem n="2">
<locus>fol. 9r-16v</locus>
<title>Sexagesima</title>
</msItem>
</msContents>
TEI: The msItem and msItemStruct Elements¶10.6.1 The <msItem> and <msItemStruct> Elements
Each discrete item in a manuscript or manuscript part can be described within a distinct msItem or msItemStruct element, and may be classified using the class attribute.
These are the possible component elements of msItem and msItemStruct.
- author 在書目參照中,包含一件作品的作者 (群) 姓名,無論是個人或是團體性質;這也是書目項目責任歸屬的主要陳述。
- respStmt (責任陳述) 當未使用作者、編輯者等特定元素,或元素內容不足時,在此補充說明文件、版本、記錄、或是叢書的智慧內容所屬負責人的責任陳述。
- title 包含任何種類作品的完整題名 。
type 用合適的分類方法將題名分類。 實例值包含: 1] main; 2] sub(subordinate) ; 3] alt(alternate) ; 4] short; 5] desc(descriptive) - rubric 包含任何按語的文字或是附在特殊手稿項目的標題,即手稿用來指示文字區段開始的字串,常有作者及標題的聲明,通常使用紅墨水、不同的字型與大小、或用其他不同視覺效果的圖案,來跟文件本身作區別。
- incipit 包含手稿項目中的起始語,即文本開端的起始語,不包括可能出現在之前的按語,並以充分的文字來獨家識別該作品;早期,這種起始語常用為作品的參照工具,出現在標題部份。
- quote (引文) 包含敘述者或作者引用自文本以外來源的字 (句) 詞或段落。
- explicit 包含手稿項目中的 結尾語,即文本完成時的結尾語,不包含可能出現在其後的按語或版權頁標記。
- finalRubric 包含表示該文字區段結尾的字串,常有作者及標題的聲明,通常使用紅墨水、不同的字型與大小、或用其他不同視覺效果的圖案,來與文件本身作區別。
- colophon 包含一個手稿項目的 版權頁標記:即提供日期、地點、代理機構、或手稿產生原因等資訊的聲明。
- decoNote 包含一個附註,描述手稿的裝飾性要素、或是該類要素的同等分類。
- listBibl (書目列表) 包含任何種類的書目資料列表。
- bibl (書目資料) 包含結構零散的書目資料,其中次要元件不一定會明確標記。
- filiation 包含手稿的來歷相關資訊,例如該手稿和其他相同文字內容的現存手稿之間的關係、以及該手稿的原稿、 抄本、以及謄本。
- note 包含附註或註釋。
- textLang 描述手稿中所使用的語言和書寫系統 (相對於其描述時使用的<語言使用>元素) 。
In addition, a msItemStruct may contain nested msItemStruct elements, just as an msItem may contain nested msItem elements.
The main difference between msItem and msItemStruct is that in the former, the order and number of child elements is not constrained; any element, in other words, may be given in any order, and repeated as often as is judged necessary. In the latter, however, the sub-elements, if used, must be given in the order specified above and only some of them may be repeated; specifically, rubric, finalRubric. incipit, textLang and explicit can appear only once.
While neither msItem nor msItemStruct may contain untagged running text, both permit an unstructured description to be provided in the form of one or more paragraphs of text. They differ in this respect also: if paragraphs are supplied as the content of an msItem, then none of the other component elements listed above is permitted; in the msItemStruct case, however, paragraphs may appear anywhere as an alternative to any of the component elements listed above.
As noted above, both msItem and msItemStruct elements may also nest, where a number of separate items in a manuscript are grouped under a single title or rubric, as is the case, for example, with a work like The Canterbury Tales.
- att.msExcerpt (手稿摘錄) 提供用來描述關於手稿摘錄的屬性
defective 指出所引用的段落是否不完全,例如因遺失或損毀而不完全。
<msItem defective="true">
<locus from="1r" to="9v">1r-9v</locus>
<title>Knýtlinga saga</title>
<msItem n="1.1">
<locus from="1r:1" to="2v:30">1r:1-2v:30</locus>
<incipit defective="true">dan<ex>n</ex>a a
engl<ex>an</ex>di</incipit>
<explicit defective="true">en meðan <expan>haraldr</expan>
hein hafði k<ex>onung</ex>r v<am>
<g ref="http://www.example.com/abbrevs.xml#er"/>
</am>it
yf<ex>ir</ex> danmork</explicit>
</msItem>
<!-- msItems 1.2 to 1.4 -->
</msItem>
</msContents>
The elements ex, am, and expan used in the above example are further discussed in section 11.3.1.2 Abbreviation and Expansion; they are available only when the transcr module defined by that chapter is selected. Similarly, the g element used in this example to represent the abbreviation mark is defined by the gaiji module documented in chapter 5 Characters, Glyphs, and Writing Modes.
TEI: Authors and Titles¶10.6.2 Authors and Titles
When used within a manuscript description, the title element should be used to supply a regularized form of the item's title, as distinct from any rubric quoted from the manuscript. If the item concerned has a standardized distinctive title, e.g. Roman de la Rose, then this should be the form given as content of the title element, with the value of the type attribute given as uniform
. If no uniform title exists for an item, or none has been yet identified, or if one wishes to provide a general designation of the contents, then a ‘supplied’ title can be given, e.g. missal, in which case the type attribute on the title should be given the value supplied
.
Similarly, if used within a manuscript description, the author element should always contain the normalized form of an author's name, irrespective of how (or whether) this form of the name is cited in the manuscript. If it is desired to retain the form of the author's name as given in the manuscript, this may be tagged as a distinct name element, within the text at the point where it occurs.
Note that the key attribute can also be used, as on names in general, to specify the identifier of a person element carrying full details of the person concerned (see further 10.3.6 Names of Persons, Places, and Organizations).
<respStmt>
<resp>in the translation of</resp>
<name>Ambrogio Traversari</name>
</respStmt>
<respStmt>
<resp>here erroneously attributed to</resp>
<name>St. Bonaventura</name>
</respStmt>
TEI: Rubrics, Incipits, Explicits, and Other Quotations from the Text¶10.6.3 Rubrics, Incipits, Explicits, and Other Quotations from the Text
<msItem>
<locus>f. 1-223</locus>
<author>Radulphus Flaviacensis</author>
<title>Expositio super Leviticum </title>
<incipit>
<locus>f. 1r</locus>
Forte Hervei monachi</incipit>
<explicit>
<locus>f. 223v</locus>
Benedictio salis et aquae</explicit>
</msItem>
</msContents>
<locus>ff. 1r-24v</locus>
<title type="uniform">Ágrip af Noregs konunga sǫgum</title>
<incipit defective="true">
<lb/>regi oc h<ex>ann</ex> seti
ho<gap reason="illegible" quantity="7"
unit="mm"/>
<lb/>sc heim se<ex>m</ex> þio</incipit>
<explicit defective="true">h<ex>on</ex> hev<ex>er</ex>
<ex>oc</ex> þa buit hesta .ij. <lb/>annan viþ fé en
h<ex>on</ex>o<ex>m</ex> annan til reiþ<ex>ar</ex>
</explicit>
</msItem>
The xml:lang attribute for colophon, explicit, incipit, quote, and rubric may always be used to identify the language of the text quoted, if this is different from the default language specified by the mainLang attribute on textLang.
TEI: Filiation¶10.6.4 Filiation
<locus>118rb</locus>
<incipit>Ecce morior cum nichil horum ... <ref>[Dn 13, 43]</ref>. Verba ista dixit Susanna de illis</incipit>
<explicit>ut bonum comune conservatur.</explicit>
<bibl>Schneyer 3, 436 (Johannes Contractus OFM)</bibl>
<filiation>weitere Überl. Uppsala C 181, 35r.</filiation>
</msItem>
TEI: Text Classification¶10.6.5 Text Classification
<msItem n="1" defective="false"
class="#law">
<locus from="1v" to="71v">1v-71v</locus>
<title type="uniform">Jónsbók</title>
<incipit>Magnus m<ex>ed</ex> guds miskun Noregs
k<ex>onungu</ex>r</incipit>
<explicit>en<ex>n</ex> u<ex>ir</ex>da
þo t<ex>il</ex> fullra aura</explicit>
</msItem>
</msContents>
law
, which defines the classification concerned. Such category elements will typically appear within a taxonomy element, within the classDecl element of the TEI header (2.3.7 The Classification Declaration) as in the following example: <taxonomy>
<!-- -->
<category xml:id="law">
<catDesc>Legislation</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="war">
<catDesc>Military topics</catDesc>
</category>
<!-- -->
</taxonomy>
</classDecl>
<p>A treatise on Clausewitz</p>
<!-- details of the item here -->
</msItem>
TEI: Languages and Writing Systems¶10.6.6 Languages and Writing Systems
otherLangs="RUS HEL">Mostly Old Church
Slavonic, with some Russian and Greek material</textLang>
The form and scope of language identifiers recommended by these Guidelines is based on the IANA standard described at vi.1. Language Identification and should be followed throughout. Where additional detail is needed correctly to describe a language, or to discuss its deployment in a given text, this should be done using the langUsage element in the TEI header, within which individual language elements document the languages used: see 2.4.2 Language Usage.
otherLangs="la">allemand et latin</textLang>
TEI: Physical Description¶10.7 Physical Description
Under the general heading ‘physical description’ we subsume a large number of different aspects generally regarded as useful in the description of a given manuscript. These include:
- aspects of the form, support, extent, and quire structure of the manuscript object and of the way in which the text is laid out on the page (10.7.1 Object Description);
- the styles of writing, such as the way it is laid out on the page, the styles of writing, decorative features, any musical notation employed and any annotations or marginalia (10.7.2 Writing, Decoration, and Other Notations);
- and discussion of its binding, seals, and any accompanying material (10.7.3 Bindings, Seals, and Additional Material).
Most manuscript descriptions touch on several of these categories of information though few include them all, and not all distinguish them as clearly as we propose here. In particular, it is often the case that an existing description will include information for which we propose distinct elements within a single paragraph, or even sentence. The encoder must then decide whether to rewrite the description using the structure proposed here, or to retain the existing prose, marked up simply as a series of p elements, directly within the physDesc element.
The physDesc element may thus be used in either of two distinct ways. It may contain a series of paragraphs addressing topics listed above and similar ones. Alternatively, it may act as a container for any choice of the more specialized elements described in the remainder of this section, each of which itself contains a series of paragraphs, and may also have more specific attributes.
In general, it is not recommended to combine unstructured prose description with usage of the more specialized elements, as such an approach complicates processing, and may lead to inconsistency within a single manuscript description. A single physDesc element will normally contain either a series of model.pLike elements, or a sequence of specialized elements from the model.physDescPart class. There are however circumstances in which this is not feasible, for example:
- the description already exists in a prose form where some of the specialized topics are treated together in paragraphs of prose, but others are treated distinctly;
- although all parts of the description are clearly distinguished, some of them cannot be mapped to a pre-existing specialized element.
<p>Generic descriptive prose...</p>
<!-- other generic elements here -->
<objectDesc form="codex">
<!-- ... -->
</objectDesc>
<!-- other specific elements here -->
</physDesc>
TEI: Object Description¶10.7.1 Object Description
The objectDesc element is used to group together those parts of the physical description which relate specifically to the text-bearing object, its format, constitution, layout, etc. The form attribute is used to indicate the specific type of writing vehicle being described, for example, as a codex, roll, tablet, etc. If used it must appear first in the sequence of specialized elements. The objectDesc element has two parts: a description of the support, i.e. the physical carrier on which the text is inscribed; and a description of the layout, i.e. the way text is organized on the carrier.
Taking these in turn, the description of the support is tagged using the following elements, each of which is discussed in more detail below:
- supportDesc 匯集描述手稿書寫部分的物質載體元素。
- support 描述對於手稿書寫部分的物質載體所使用的材料等。
- extent 描述電子文件儲存在某一承載媒介時的約略大小,標以任何適用的單位。
- collation 描述頁面紙張的排列組成。
- foliation 描述計算手抄本紙張頁數的一種或多種編號系統。
- condition 包含手稿材質狀況的描述。
<supportDesc>
<p>Mostly <material>paper</material>, with watermarks
<watermark>unicorn</watermark> (<ref>Briquet 9993</ref>) and
<watermark>ox</watermark> (close to <ref>Briquet 2785</ref>).
The first and last leaf of each quire, with the exception of
quires xvi and xviii, are constituted by bifolia of parchment,
and all seven miniatures have been painted on inserted
singletons of parchment.</p>
</supportDesc>
</objectDesc>
This example combines information which might alternatively be more precisely tagged using the more specific elements described in the following subsections.
TEI: Support¶10.7.1.1 Support
<p>
<material>Paper</material> with watermark: <watermark>anchor in a circle
with star on top</watermark>, <watermark>countermark B-B with
trefoil</watermark> similar to <ref>Moschin, Anchor N 1680</ref>
<date>1570-1585</date>.</p>
</support>
TEI: Extent¶10.7.1.2 Extent
<dimensions unit="cm">
<height>35</height>
<width>27</width>
</dimensions>
</extent>
<measure type="composition" unit="leaf"
quantity="10">10 Bl.</measure>
<measure type="height" quantity="37"
unit="cm">37</measure> x
<measure type="width" quantity="29"
unit="cm">29</measure> cm
</extent>
TEI: Collation¶10.7.1.3 Collation
<p>
<formula>1-3:8, 4:6, 5-13:8</formula>
</p>
</collation>
<collation>
<p>There are now four gatherings, the first, second and fourth originally consisting of
eight leaves, the third of seven. A fifth gathering thought to have followed has left no trace.
<list>
<item>Gathering I consists of 7 leaves, a first leaf, originally conjoint with <locus>fol. 7</locus>,
having been cut away leaving only a narrow strip along the gutter; the others, <locus>fols 1</locus>
and <locus>6</locus>, <locus>2</locus> and <locus>5</locus>, and <locus>3</locus> and <locus>4</locus>,
are bifolia.</item>
<item>Gathering II consists of 8 leaves, 4 bifolia.</item>
<item>Gathering III consists of 7 leaves; <locus>fols 16</locus> and <locus>22</locus> are conjoint,
the others singletons.</item>
<item>Gathering IV consists of 2 leaves, a bifolium.</item>
</list>
</p>
</collation>
<collation>
<p>I (1, 2+9, 3+8, 4+7, 5+6, 10); II (11, 12+17, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19).</p>
</collation>
<collation>
<p>
<formula>1-5.8 6.6 (catchword, f. 46, does not match following
text) 7-8.8 9.10, 11.2 (through f. 82) 12-14.8 15.8(-7)</formula>
</p>
</collation>
TEI: Foliation¶10.7.1.4 Foliation
<p>Neuere Foliierung, die auch das Vorsatzblatt mitgezählt hat.</p>
</foliation>
<foliation>
<p>Folio numbers were added in brown ink by Árni Magnússon
ca. 1720-1730 in the upper right corner of all recto-pages.</p>
</foliation>
<p>Original foliation in red roman numerals in the middle of
the outer margin of each recto</p>
</foliation>
<foliation xml:id="modern">
<p>Foliated in pencil in the top right
corner of each recto page.</p>
</foliation>
<!-- ... -->
<locus scheme="#modern">ff 1-20</locus>
TEI: Condition¶10.7.1.5 Condition
The condition element is used to summarize the overall physical state of a manuscript, in particular where such information is not recorded elsewhere in the description. It should not, however, be used to describe changes or repairs to a manuscript, as these are more appropriately described as a part of its custodial history (see 10.9.1.2 Availability and Custodial History). It should be supplied within the supportDesc element, if it discusses the condition of the physical support of the manuscript; within the bindingDesc or binding elements (10.7.3.1 Binding Descriptions) if it discusses only the condition of the binding or bindings concerned; or within the sealDesc element if it discusses the condition of any seal attached to the manuscript.
<condition>
<p>The manuscript shows signs of damage from water and mould on its outermost leaves.</p>
</condition>
</supportDesc>
<p>Despite tears on many of the leaves the codex is reasonably well preserved.
The top and the bottom of f. 1 is damaged, and only a thin slip is left of the original second
leaf (now foliated as 1bis). The lower margin of f. 92 has been cut away. There is a lacuna of
one leaf between ff. 193 and 194. The manuscript ends defectively (there are approximately six
leaves missing).</p>
</condition>
TEI: Layout Description¶10.7.1.6 Layout Description
The second part of the objectDesc element is the layoutDesc element, which is used to describe and document the mise-en-page of the manuscript, that is the way in which text and illumination are arranged on the page, specifying for example the number of written, ruled, or pricked lines and columns per page, size of margins, distinct blocks such as glosses, commentaries, etc. This may be given as a simple series of paragraphs. Alternatively, one or more different layouts may be identified within a single manuscript, each described by its own layout element.
- layoutDesc 收集一組適當的手稿外觀編排描述。
- layout 描述文字在頁面上的編排,包括任何橫隔線、刺痕、或其他的頁面準備技術的資訊。
Where the layout element is used, the layout will often be sufficiently regular for the attributes on this element to convey all that is necessary; more usually however a more detailed treatment will be required. The attributes are provided as a convenient shorthand for commonly occurring cases, and should not be used except where the layout is regular. The value NA
(not-applicable) should be used for cases where the layout is either very irregular, or where it cannot be characterized simply in terms of lines and columns, for example, where blocks of commentary and text are arranged in a regular but complex pattern on each page
<p>Most pages have between 25 and 32 long lines ruled in lead.</p>
</layout>
<layout columns="1" writtenLines="24">
<p>Written in one column throughout; 24 lines per page.</p>
</layout>
<layout>
<p>Written in 3 columns, with 8 lines of text and interlinear glosses in
the centre, and up to 26 lines of gloss in the outer two columns. Double
vertical bounding lines ruled in hard point on hair side. Text lines ruled
faintly in lead. Remains of prickings in upper, lower, and outer (for 8 lines
of text only) margins.</p>
</layout>
<layout ruledLines="25 32">
<p>On <locus from="1r" to="202v">fols 1r-200v</locus> and
<locus from="210r" to="212v">fols 210r-212v</locus> there are
between 25 and 32 ruled lines.</p>
</layout>
<layout ruledLines="34 50">
<p>On <locus from="203r" to="209v">fols 203r-209v</locus> there are between 34
and 50 ruled lines.</p>
</layout>
</layoutDesc>
TEI: Writing, Decoration, and Other Notations¶10.7.2 Writing, Decoration, and Other Notations
The second group of elements within a structured physical description concerns aspects of the writing, illumination, or other notation (notably, music) found in a manuscript, including additions made in later hands—the ‘text’, as it were, as opposed to the carrier.
- handDesc 手稿中使用的所有不同書寫種類的描述。
- handNote (書寫特徵) 描述在手稿中可明顯辨識出的特殊風格或書寫手法。
- scriptDesc contains a description of the scripts used in a manuscript or similar source.
- scriptNote describes a particular script distinguished within the description of a manuscript or similar resource.
- typeDesc contains a description of the typefaces or other aspects of the printing of an incunable or other printed source.
- typeNote describes a particular font or other significant typographic feature distinguished within the description of a printed resource.
- decoDesc 包含手稿的裝飾描述,可以是連續性的文字段落、或是一連串依主題排列的<裝飾附註>元素。
- decoNote 包含一個附註,描述手稿的裝飾性要素、或是該類要素的同等分類。
- musicNotation 包含樂譜種類的描述。
- additions 包含手稿中任何重要增添文字的描述,例如旁註或其他註釋。
TEI: Writing¶10.7.2.1 Writing
<p>Written in a <term>late Caroline minuscule</term>; versals in a
form of <term>rustic capitals</term>; although the marginal and
interlinear gloss is written in varying shades of ink that are
not those of the main text, text and gloss appear to have been
copied during approximately the same time span.</p>
</handDesc>
Note the use of the term element to mark specific technical terms within the context of the handDesc element.
<p>The manuscript is written in two contemporary hands, otherwise
unknown, but clearly those of practised scribes. Hand I writes
ff. 1r-22v and hand II ff. 23 and 24. Some scholars, notably
Verner Dahlerup and Hreinn Benediktsson, have argued for a third hand
on f. 24, but the evidence for this is insubstantial.</p>
</handDesc>
<handNote xml:id="Eirsp-1" scope="minor">
<p>The first part of the manuscript,
<locus from="1v" to="72v:4">fols 1v-72v:4</locus>, is written in a practised
Icelandic Gothic bookhand. This hand is not found elsewhere.</p>
</handNote>
<handNote xml:id="Eirsp-2" scope="major">
<p>The second part of the manuscript, <locus from="72v:4" to="194v">fols
72v:4-194</locus>, is written in a hand contemporary with the first; it can
also be found in a fragment of <title>Knýtlinga saga</title>,
<ref>AM 20b II fol.</ref>.</p>
</handNote>
<handNote xml:id="Eirsp-3" scope="minor">
<p>The third hand has written the majority of the chapter headings.
This hand has been identified as the one also found in <ref>AM
221 fol.</ref>.</p>
</handNote>
</handDesc>
When a full or partial transcription of a manuscript is available in addition to the manuscript description, the handShift element described in 11.3.2.1 Document Hands can be used to link the relevant parts of the transcription to the appropriate handNote element in the description: for example, at the point in the transcript where the second hand listed above starts (i.e. at folio 72v:4), we might insert <handShift new="#Eirsp-2"/>.
<p>Uses a mixture of Roman and Black Letter types.</p>
</typeDesc>
<summary>Uses a mixture of Roman and Black Letter types.</summary>
<typeNote>Antiqua typeface, showing influence of Jenson's Venetian
fonts.</typeNote>
<typeNote>The black letter face is a variant of Schwabacher.</typeNote>
</typeDesc>
<typeNote xml:id="TSET">Authorial
typescript, probably produced on Eliot's own Remington.
</typeNote>
</typeDesc>
<handDesc>
<handNote xml:id="EP" medium="red-ink">Ezra Pound's
annotations.</handNote>
<handNote xml:id="TSE" medium="black-ink">Commentary in
Eliot's hand.</handNote>
</handDesc>
The elements scriptNote and scriptDesc may be used in exactly the same way to document a script used in this and other manuscripts, for example to record that this script was used mainly for the production of books or for charters; or that it is characteristic of some geographical area or scriptorium or date. Such information as the letter forms characteristic of this script may also be recorded. By contrast, the handNote element would be used to document the way that a particular scribe uses a script, for example with long or short descenders, or using a pen which is cut in a different way, or an ink of a given colour, and so forth.
As with typeNote, the scriptNote element can be used in combination with handNote.
TEI: Decoration¶10.7.2.2 Decoration
It can be difficult to draw a clear distinction between aspects of a manuscript which are purely physical and those which form part of its intellectual content. This is particularly true of illuminations and other forms of decoration in a manuscript. We propose the following elements for the purpose of delimiting discussion of these aspects within a manuscript description, and for convenience locate them all within the physical description, despite the fact that the illustrative features of a manuscript will in many cases also be seen as constituting part of its intellectual content.
<p>The decoration comprises two full page miniatures, perhaps added
by the original owner, or slightly later; the original major decoration
consists of twenty-three large miniatures, illustrating the divisions of
the Passion narrative and the start of the major texts, and the major
divisions of the Hours; seventeen smaller miniatures, illustrating the
suffrages to saints; and seven historiated initials, illustrating
the pericopes and major prayers.</p>
</decoDesc>
<decoNote type="miniature">
<p>One full-page miniature, facing the beginning of the first
Penitential Psalm.</p>
</decoNote>
<decoNote type="initial">
<p>One seven-line historiated initial, commencing the first
Penitential Psalm.</p>
</decoNote>
<decoNote type="initial">
<p>Six four-line decorated initials, commencing the second through the
seventh Penitential Psalm.</p>
</decoNote>
<decoNote type="initial">
<p>Some three hundred two-line versal initials with pen-flourishes,
commencing the psalm verses.</p>
</decoNote>
<decoNote type="border">
<p>Four-sided border decoration surrounding the miniatures and three-sided
border decoration accompanying the historiated and decorated initials.</p>
</decoNote>
</decoDesc>
<decoNote type="miniatures">
<p>Fourteen large miniatures with arched tops, above five lines of text:
<list>
<item>
<locus>fol. 14r</locus>Pericopes. <term>St. John writing on
Patmos</term>, with the Eagle holding his ink-pot and pen-case; some
flaking of pigment, especially in the sky</item>
<item>
<locus>fol. 26r</locus>Hours of the Virgin, Matins.
<term>Annunciation</term>; Gabriel and the Dove to the right</item>
<item>
<locus>fol. 60r</locus>Prime. <term>Nativity</term>; the
<term>Virgin and Joseph adoring the Child</term>
</item>
<item>
<locus>fol. 66r</locus>Terce. <term>Annunciation to the
Shepherds</term>, one with <term>bagpipes</term>
</item>
<!-- ... -->
</list>
</p>
</decoNote>
</decoDesc>
TEI: Musical Notation¶10.7.2.3 Musical Notation
<p>Square notation on 4-line red staves.</p>
</musicNotation>
<musicNotation>
<p>Neumes in campo aperto of the St. Gall type.</p>
</musicNotation>
TEI: Additions and Marginalia¶10.7.2.4 Additions and Marginalia
<p>Doodles on most leaves, possibly by children, and often quite amusing.</p>
</additions>
<additions>
<p xml:lang="fr">Quelques annotations marginales des XVIe et XVIIe s.</p>
</additions>
<additions>
<p>The text of this manuscript is not interpolated with sentences from
Royal decrees promulgated in 1294, 1305 and 1314. In the margins, however,
another somewhat later scribe has added the relevant paragraphs of these
decrees, see pp. 8, 24, 44, 47 etc.</p>
<p>As a humorous gesture the scribe in one opening of the manuscript, pp. 36
and 37, has prolonged the lower stems of one letter f and five letters þ
and has them drizzle down the margin.</p>
</additions>
<additions>
<p>Spaces for initials and chapter headings were left by the scribe but not filled in.
A later, probably fifteenth-century, hand has added initials and chapter headings in
greenish-coloured ink on fols <locus>8r</locus>, <locus>8v</locus>, <locus>9r</locus>,
<locus>10r</locus> and <locus>11r</locus>. Although a few of these chapter headings are
now rather difficult to read, most can be made out, e.g. fol. <locus>8rb</locus>
<quote xml:lang="is">floti ast<ex>ri</ex>d<ex>ar</ex>
</quote>; fol. <locus>9rb</locus>
<quote xml:lang="is">v<ex>m</ex> olaf conung</quote>, and fol. <locus>10ra</locus>
<quote xml:lang="is">Gipti<ex>n</ex>g ol<ex>a</ex>fs k<ex>onun</ex>gs</quote>.</p>
<p>The manuscript contains the following marginalia:
<list>
<item>Fol. <locus>4v</locus>, left margin: <quote xml:lang="is">hialmadr <ex>ok</ex>
<lb/>brynjadr</quote>,
in a fifteenth-century hand, imitating an addition made to the text by the scribe at this point.</item>
<item>Fol. <locus>5r</locus>, lower margin: <quote xml:lang="is">þ<ex>e</ex>tta þiki
m<ex>er</ex> v<ex>er</ex>a gott blek en<ex>n</ex>da kan<ex>n</ex> ek icki
betr sia</quote>, in a fifteenth-century hand, probably the same as that on the previous page.</item>
<item>Fol. <locus>9v</locus>, bottom margin: <quote xml:lang="is">þessa bok uilda eg <sic>gæt</sic>
lært med <lb/>an Gud gefe myer Gott ad <lb/>læra</quote>; seventeenth-century hand.</item>
</list>
</p>
<p>There are in addition a number of illegible scribbles in a later hand (or hands) on fols
<locus>2r</locus>, <locus>3r</locus>, <locus>5v</locus> and <locus>19r</locus>.</p>
</additions>
TEI: Bindings, Seals, and Additional Material¶10.7.3 Bindings, Seals, and Additional Material
The third major component of the physical description relates to supporting but distinct physical components, such as bindings, seals and accompanying material. These may be described using the following specialist elements:
- bindingDesc 描述手稿現在與之前的裝訂,可以是連續性的文字段落、或是一連串專用的binding元素,每個手稿裝訂使用一個元素。
- binding 一個裝訂的描述,例如使用於該手稿的封面類型、封面等。
- sealDesc 描述章印或其他附於手稿的外部項目,可以是連續性的文字段落、或是一連串專用的<印章>元素,也許附上一些<裝飾附註>元素。
- seal 描述一個章印或其他附於手稿的類似項目
- accMat (伴隨資料) 包含可能與該手稿關係密切的重要附加資料之細節,例如非同時期的文件或是在早期與手稿裝訂一起的片段。
TEI: Binding Descriptions¶10.7.3.1 Binding Descriptions
<p>Sewing not visible; tightly rebound over 19th-century pasteboards, reusing
panels of 16th-century brown leather with gilt tooling à la fanfare, Paris
c. 1580-90, the centre of each cover inlaid with a 17th-century oval medallion
of red morocco tooled in gilt (perhaps replacing the identifying mark of a
previous owner); the spine similarly tooled, without raised bands or title-piece;
coloured endbands; the edges of the leaves and boards gilt. Boxed.</p>
</bindingDesc>
<p>Bound, s. XVIII (?), in <material>diced russia leather</material>
retaining most of the original 15th century metal ornaments (but with
some replacements) as well as the heavy wooden boards.</p>
<decoNote>
<p>On each cover: alternating circular stamps of the Holy Monogram,
a sunburst, and a flower.</p>
</decoNote>
<decoNote>
<p>On the cornerpieces, one of which is missing, a rectangular stamp
of the Agnus Dei.</p>
</decoNote>
<condition>Front and back leather inlaid panels very badly worn.</condition>
<p>Rebacked during the 19th century.</p>
</binding>
As noted above, (10.7.1.5 Condition) the element condition may also be used as an alternative to p for paragraphs concerned exclusively with the condition of a binding, where this has not been supplied as part of the physical description.
TEI: Seals¶10.7.3.2 Seals
<seal n="1" type="pendant"
subtype="cauda_duplex">
<p>Round seal of <name>Anders Olufsen</name> in black wax:
<bibl>
<ref>DAS 930</ref>
</bibl>. Parchment tag, on which is written:
<quote>pertinere nos predictorum placiti nostri iusticarii precessorum dif</quote>.</p>
</seal>
<seal n="2" type="pendant"
subtype="cauda_duplex">
<p>The seal of <name>Jens Olufsen</name> in black wax:
<bibl>
<ref>DAS 1061</ref>
</bibl>. Legend: <quote>S IOHANNES OLAVI</quote>.
Parchment tag on which is written: <quote>Woldorp Iohanne G</quote>.</p>
</seal>
</sealDesc>
TEI: Accompanying Material¶10.7.3.3 Accompanying Material
The circumstance may arise where material not originally part of a manuscript is bound into or otherwise kept with a manuscript. In some cases this material would best be treated in a separate msPart element (see 10.10 Manuscript Parts below). There are, however, cases where the additional matter is not self-evidently a distinct manuscript: it might, for example, be a set of notes by a later scholar, or a file of correspondence relating to the manuscript. The accMat element is provided as a holder for this kind of information.
- accMat (伴隨資料) 包含可能與該手稿關係密切的重要附加資料之細節,例如非同時期的文件或是在早期與手稿裝訂一起的片段。
<p>A slip in Árni Magnússon's hand has been stuck to the
pastedown on the inside front cover; the text reads:
<quote xml:lang="is">Þidreks Søgu þessa hefi eg
feiged af Sekreterer Wielandt Anno 1715 i Kaupmanna høfn. Hun er,
sem eg sie, Copia af Austfirda bókinni (Eidagás) en<ex>n</ex>
ecki progenies Brædratungu bokarinnar. Og er þar fyrer eigi i
allan<ex>n</ex> máta samhlioda þ<ex>eir</ex>re er
Sr Jon Erlendz son hefer ritad fyrer Mag. Bryniolf. Þesse Þidreks
Saga mun vera komin fra Sr Vigfuse á Helgafelle.</quote>
</p>
</accMat>
TEI: History¶10.8 History
The following elements are used to record information about the history of a manuscript:
- history 匯集描述手稿或手稿部分完整歷史的元素。
- origin 包含關於手稿或手稿部分的來源之任何描述性或其他資訊。
- provenance 包含任何描述性或其他資訊,關於手稿或手稿部分的歷史中單一可確認的事件,發生在手稿產生之後、取得之前。
- acquisition 包含任何描述性或其他資訊,關於手稿或手稿部分進入保管機構的過程。
The three components of the history element all have the same substructure, consisting of one or more paragraphs marked as p elements. Each of these three elements is also a member of the att.datable attribute class, itself a member of the att.datable.w3c class, and thus also carries the following optional attributes:
- att.datable.w3c 提供用於元素規格化的屬性,這些元素包含以W3C datatypes所定義的日期明確之事件。
notBefore 以標準格式說明該事件可能發生的最早日期,例如年-月-日。 notAfter 以標準形式標明該事件可能的最晚日期,例如年-月-日。
Information about the origins of the manuscript, its place and date of writing, should be given as one or more paragraphs contained by a single origin element; following this, any available information on distinct stages in the history of the manuscript before its acquisition by its current holding institution should be included as paragraphs within one or more provenance elements. Finally, any information specific to the means by which the manuscript was acquired by its present owners should be given as paragraphs within the acquisition element.
<origin>
<p>Written in <origPlace>Durham</origPlace> during <origDate notBefore="1125"
notAfter="1175">the
mid-twelfth century</origDate>.</p>
</origin>
<provenance>
<p>Recorded in two medieval catalogues of the books belonging
to <name type="org">Durham Priory</name>, made in <date>1391</date> and
<date>1405</date>.</p>
</provenance>
<provenance>
<p>Given to <name type="person">W. Olleyf</name> by <name type="person">William
Ebchester, Prior (1446-56)</name> and later belonged to <name type="person">Henry
Dalton</name>, Prior of Holy Island (<name type="place">Lindisfarne</name>)
according to inscriptions on ff. 4v and 5.</p>
</provenance>
<acquisition>
<p>Presented to <name type="org">Trinity College</name> in
<date>1738</date> by <name type="person">Thomas Gale</name> and
his son <name type="person">Roger</name>.</p>
</acquisition>
</history>
<origin notBefore="1225" notAfter="1275">Written in Spain or Portugal in the middle of the 13th century
(the date 1042, given in a marginal note on f. 97v, cannot be correct.)</origin>
<provenance>The Spanish scholar <name type="person">Benito Arias
Montano</name> (1527-1598) has written his name on f. 97r, and may be
presumed to have owned the manuscript. </provenance>
<provenance>It came somehow into the
possession of <foreign xml:lang="da">etatsråd</foreign>
<name type="person">Holger Parsberg</name> (1636-1692), who has written his
name twice, once on the front pastedown and once on f. 1r, the former dated
<date>1680</date> and the latter <date>1682</date>.</provenance>
<provenance>Following Parsberg's
death the manuscript was bought by <foreign>etatsråd</foreign>
<name type="person">Jens Rosenkrantz</name> (1640-1695) when Parsberg's
library was auctioned off (23 October 1693).</provenance>
<acquisition notBefore="1696"
notAfter="1697">The manuscript was acquired by Árni
Magnússon from the estate of Jens Rosenkrantz, presumably at
auction (the auction lot number 468 is written in red chalk on the
flyleaf), either in 1696 or 97.</acquisition>
</history>
TEI: Additional Information¶10.9 Additional Information
Three categories of additional information are provided for by the scheme described here, grouped together within the additional element described in this section.
- additional 匯集附加資訊,結合手稿的書目資訊、或是手稿的代替副本,包含管理或行政資訊。
- adminInfo (行政資訊) 包含手稿現在的保管與可利用性資訊,也包含本身的紀錄描述。
- surrogates 包含關於任何手稿的數位化或攝影呈現的資訊,可能存在於保管機構或是其他地方。
- listBibl (書目列表) 包含任何種類的書目資料列表。
None of the constituent elements of additional is required. If any is supplied, it may appear once only; furthermore, the order in which elements are supplied should be as specified above.
TEI: Administrative Information¶10.9.1 Administrative Information
The adminInfo element is used to hold information relating to the curation and management of a manuscript. This may be supplied as a note using the global note element. Alternatively, different aspects of this information may be presented grouped within one of the following specialized elements:
- recordHist 提供父手稿本身說明的出處與修訂狀態相關資訊。
- availability 提供關於文件可利用性的資訊,例如使用或發行上的任何限制、版權狀態等。
- custodialHist 包含手稿保管歷史的描述,可以是篇章、或是一連串註明日期的保管事件。
TEI: Record History¶10.9.1.1 Record History
The recordHist element may contain simply a series of paragraphs. Alternatively it may contain a source element, followed by an optional series of change elements.
<p>Directly catalogued from the original manuscript.</p>
</source>
<source>
<p>Information transcribed from <bibl>
<title>The index of Middle English verse</title>
<biblScope>123</biblScope>
</bibl>.</p>
</source>
</recordHist>
<adminInfo>
<recordHist>
<source>
<p>Information transcribed from
<bibl>
<ref target="#IMEV">IMEV</ref> 123</bibl>.</p>
</source>
</recordHist>
</adminInfo>
<listBibl>
<bibl xml:id="IMEV">
<author>Carleton Brown</author> and <author>Rossell Hope Robbins</author>
<title level="m">The index of Middle English verse</title>
<pubPlace>New York</pubPlace>
<date>1943</date>
</bibl>
<!-- other bibliographic records relating to this manuscript here -->
</listBibl>
</additional>
<name>MJD</name> added provenance information</change>
TEI: Availability and Custodial History¶10.9.1.2 Availability and Custodial History
<p>Viewed by appointment only, to be arranged with curator.</p>
</availability>
<availability>
<p>In conservation, Jan. - Mar., 2002. On loan to the
Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, April - July, 2002.</p>
</availability>
<availability>
<p>The manuscript is in poor condition, due to many of the leaves being
brittle and fragile and the poor quality of a number of earlier repairs;
it should therefore not be used or lent out until it has been conserved.</p>
</availability>
The custodialHist record is used to describe the custodial history of a manuscript, recording any significant events noted during the period that it has been located within its holding institution. It may contain either a series of p elements, or a series of custEvent elements, each describing a distinct incident or event, further specified by a type attribute, and carrying dating information by virtue of its membership in the att.datable class, as noted above.
- custEvent 描述手稿保管歷史中的單一事件。
<custEvent type="conservation"
notBefore="1961-03-01" notAfter="1963-02-28">
<p>Conserved between March 1961 and February 1963 at Birgitte Dalls
Konserveringsværksted.</p>
</custEvent>
<custEvent type="photography"
notBefore="1988-05-01" notAfter="1988-05-30">
<p>Photographed in May 1988 by AMI/FA.</p>
</custEvent>
<custEvent type="transfer"
notBefore="1989-11-13" notAfter="1989-11-13">
<p>Dispatched to Iceland 13 November 1989.</p>
</custEvent>
</custodialHist>
TEI: Surrogates¶10.9.2 Surrogates
The surrogates element is used to provide information about representations such as photographs or other representations of the manuscript which may exist within the holding institution or elsewhere.
- surrogates 包含關於任何手稿的數位化或攝影呈現的資訊,可能存在於保管機構或是其他地方。
<bibl>
<title type="gmd">microfilm (master)</title>
<idno>G.neg. 160</idno> n.d.</bibl>
<bibl>
<title type="gmd">microfilm (archive)</title>
<idno>G.pos. 186</idno> n.d.</bibl>
<bibl>
<title type="gmd">b/w prints</title>
<idno>AM 795 4to</idno>
<date when="1999-01-27">27 January 1999</date>
<note>copy of G.pos. 186</note>
</bibl>
<bibl>
<title type="gmd">b/w prints</title>
<idno>reg.nr. 75</idno>
<date when="1999-01-25">25 January 1999</date>
<note>photographs of the spine, outside covers, stitching etc.</note>
</bibl>
</surrogates>
At a later revision, the content of the surrogates element is likely to be expanded to include elements more specifically intended to provide detailed information such as technical details of the process by which a digital or photographic image was made. For information about the inclusion of digital facsimile images within a TEI document, refer also to 11.1 Digital Facsimiles.
TEI: Manuscript Parts¶10.10 Manuscript Parts
The msPart element may be used in cases where what were originally physically separate manuscripts or parts of manuscripts have been bound together and/or share the same call number.
- msPart 包含原為單一、現為複合手稿一部份的手稿或手稿部分的相關資訊。
<msIdentifier>
<settlement>Amiens</settlement>
<repository>Bibliothèque Municipale</repository>
<idno>MS 3</idno>
<msName>Maurdramnus Bible</msName>
</msIdentifier>
<!-- other elements here -->
<msPart>
<msIdentifier>
<idno>MS 6</idno>
</msIdentifier>
<!-- other information specific to this part here -->
</msPart>
<msPart>
<msIdentifier>
<idno>MS 7</idno>
</msIdentifier>
<!-- other information specific to this part here -->
</msPart>
<!-- other msParts here -->
</msDesc>
TEI: Module for Manuscript Description¶10.11 Module for Manuscript Description
The module described in this chapter makes available the following components:
- 組件 msdescription: 寫本描述
- 被定義的元素: accMat acquisition additional additions adminInfo altIdentifier binding bindingDesc catchwords collation collection colophon condition custEvent custodialHist decoDesc decoNote depth dim dimensions explicit filiation finalRubric foliation handDesc height heraldry history incipit institution layout layoutDesc locus locusGrp material msContents msDesc msIdentifier msItem msItemStruct msName msPart musicNotation objectDesc objectType origDate origPlace origin physDesc provenance recordHist repository rubric scriptDesc seal sealDesc secFol signatures source stamp summary support supportDesc surrogates typeDesc watermark width
- 被定義的分類: att.msExcerpt
The selection and combination of modules to form a TEI schema is described in 1.2 Defining a TEI Schema.