<certainty>

<certainty> indicates the degree of certainty associated with some aspect of the text markup. [21.1.2 Structured Indications of Uncertainty]
Module certainty — Certainty, Precision, and Responsibility
Attributes att.scoping (@target, @match) att.global (@xml:id, @n, @xml:lang, @xml:base, @xml:space) att.global.rendition (@rend, @style, @rendition) att.global.linking (@corresp, @synch, @sameAs, @copyOf, @next, @prev, @exclude, @select) att.global.analytic (@ana) att.global.facs (@facs) att.global.change (@change) att.global.responsibility (cert, @resp) att.global.source (@source) att.typed (type, @subtype)
cert⚓︎ (certainty) signifies the degree of certainty associated with the object pointed to by the certainty element.
Derived from att.global.responsibility
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.certainty
type⚓︎ characterizes the element in some sense, using any convenient classification scheme or typology; sample categorization of annotations of uncertainty might use following values:
Derived from att.typed
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Sample values include:
ignorance
incompleteness
credibility
imprecision
locus⚓︎ indicates more exactly the aspect concerning which certainty is being expressed: specifically, whether the markup is correctly located, whether the correct element or attribute name has been used, or whether the content of the element or attribute is correct, etc.
Status Required
Datatype teidata.enumerated
Legal values are:
name
uncertainty concerns whether the name of the element or attribute used is correctly applied.
start
uncertainty concerns whether the start of the element is correctly identified.
end
uncertainty concerns whether the end of the element is correctly identified.
location
uncertainty concerns both the start and the end of the element.
value
uncertainty concerns the content (for an element) or the value (for an attribute)
assertedValue⚓︎ provides an alternative value for the aspect of the markup in question—an alternative generic identifier, transcription, or attribute value, or the identifier of an anchor element (to indicate an alternative starting or ending location). If an assertedValue is given, the confidence level specified by degree applies to the alternative markup specified by assertedValue; if none is given, it applies to the markup in the text.
Status Recommended
Datatype teidata.word
<certainty target="#ESX" locus="name"
 assertedValue="placeName" cert="low">
 <desc>It is unlikely, but possible, that this refers to the place
   rather than the person.</desc>
</certainty>
Note

This attribute makes it possible to indicate the degree of confidence in a specific alternative to some aspect of the markup. In the first example above the encoder is expressing the likelihood (.2) that the generic identifier should be placeName rather than persName, which is the coded element.
given⚓︎ indicates one or more element(s) characterizing the conditions which are assumed in the assignment of a degree of confidence.
Status Recommended
Datatype 1–∞ occurrences of teidata.pointer separated by whitespace
Note

The envisioned typical value of this attribute would be the identifier of another certainty element or a list of such identifiers. It may thus be possible to construct probability networks by chaining certainty elements together. Such networks would ultimately be grounded in unconditional certainty elements (with no value for given). The semantics of this chaining would be understood in this way: if a certainty element is specified, via a reference, as the assumption, then it is not the attribution of uncertainty that is the assumption, but rather the assertion itself. For instance, in the example above, the first certainty element indicates that the confidence in the identification of the new scribe as msm. The second indicates the degree of confidence that Essex is a personal name, given that the new scribe is msm. Note that the given in the second certainty element is not the assertion that the likelihood that msm is the new scribe is 0.6, but simply the assertion that msm is the new scribe; this is a recommended convention to facilitate building networks.

The ambitious encoder may wish to attempt complex networks or probability assertions, experimenting with references to other elements or prose assertions, and deploying feature structure connectives such as alt, join, and note. However, we do not believe that the certainty element gives, at this time, a comprehensive ambiguity-free system for indicating certainty.
degree⚓︎ indicates the degree of confidence assigned to the aspect of the markup named by the locus attribute.
Status Optional
Datatype teidata.probability
Member of
model.certLike model.global.meta
Contained by
analysis: cl interp m phr s span w
certainty: certainty precision respons
core: abbr add addrLine address author bibl biblScope cit citedRange corr date del distinct editor email emph expan foreign gap gloss head headItem headLabel hi imprint item l label lg list measure mentioned name note num orig p pubPlace publisher q quote rb ref reg resp rs rt said series sic soCalled sp speaker stage street term textLang time title unclear unit
corpus: activity channel constitution derivation domain factuality interaction locale preparedness purpose
dictionaries: case colloc def dictScrap entry entryFree etym form gen gram gramGrp hom hyph iType lang lbl mood number orth per pos pron re sense stress subc syll tns usg xr
drama: actor camera caption castGroup castItem castList epilogue performance prologue role roleDesc set sound spGrp tech view
figures: cell figure table
header: authority change classCode distributor edition extent funder geoDecl handNote language licence principal scriptNote sponsor
linking: ab join seg standOff
msdescription: accMat acquisition additions catchwords collation collection colophon condition custEvent decoNote explicit filiation finalRubric foliation heraldry incipit institution layout material msItem musicNotation objectType origDate origPlace origin provenance repository rubric secFol signatures source stamp summary support surrogates typeNote watermark
namesdates: addName affiliation age birth bloc country death district education faith floruit forename genName gender geogFeat geogName langKnown nameLink nationality objectName occupation offset orgName persName persPronouns person personGrp persona placeName region residence roleName settlement sex socecStatus surname
nets: graph
spoken: u writing
tagdocs: eg valDesc
textcrit: lem rdg wit witDetail
textstructure: argument back body byline closer dateline div div1 div2 div3 div4 div5 div6 div7 docAuthor docDate docEdition docImprint docTitle epigraph floatingText front group imprimatur opener postscript salute signed text titlePage titlePart trailer
transcr: damage fw line metamark mod restore retrace secl sourceDoc space substJoin supplied surface surfaceGrp surplus zone
verse: metSym rhyme
May contain
certainty: certainty precision respons
core: desc
Example

(For discussion of this example, see section 21.1.2.1 Contingent Conditions)

Ernest went to <anchor xml:id="A1"/> old
<persName xml:id="SYB">Saybrook</persName>.

<certainty xml:id="c1" target="#SYB"
 locus="name" degree="0.6"/>
<certainty target="#SYB" locus="start"
 given="#c1" degree="0.9"/>
<certainty xml:id="C-c2" target="#SYB"
 locus="name" assertedValue="persName" degree="0.4"/>
<certainty target="#SYB" locus="start"
 given="#C-c2" degree="0.5"/>
<certainty target="#SYB" locus="start"
 assertedValue="#a1" given="#c1" degree="0.5"/>
Content model 
<content>
 <alternate minOccurs="0"
  maxOccurs="unbounded">
  <classRef key="model.descLike"/>
  <classRef key="model.certLike"/>
 </alternate>
</content>
Schema Declaration 
<rng:element name="certainty">
 <rng:ref name="att.scoping.attributes"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.attribute.xmlid"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.attribute.n"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.attribute.xmllang"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.attribute.xmlbase"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.attribute.xmlspace"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.rendition.attribute.rend"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.rendition.attribute.style"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.rendition.attribute.rendition"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.linking.attribute.corresp"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.linking.attribute.synch"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.linking.attribute.sameAs"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.linking.attribute.copyOf"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.linking.attribute.next"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.linking.attribute.prev"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.linking.attribute.exclude"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.linking.attribute.select"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.analytic.attribute.ana"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.facs.attribute.facs"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.change.attribute.change"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.responsibility.attribute.resp"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.global.source.attribute.source"/>
 <rng:ref name="att.typed.attribute.subtype"/>
 <rng:optional>
  <rng:attribute name="cert">
   <rng:ref name="teidata.certainty"/>
  </rng:attribute>
 </rng:optional>
 <rng:optional>
  <rng:attribute name="type">
   <rng:ref name="teidata.enumerated"/>
  </rng:attribute>
 </rng:optional>
 <rng:attribute name="locus">
  <rng:choice>
   <rng:value>name</rng:value>
   <rng:value>start</rng:value>
   <rng:value>end</rng:value>
   <rng:value>location</rng:value>
   <rng:value>value</rng:value>
  </rng:choice>
 </rng:attribute>
 <rng:optional>
  <rng:attribute name="assertedValue">
   <rng:ref name="teidata.word"/>
  </rng:attribute>
 </rng:optional>
 <rng:optional>
  <rng:attribute name="given">
   <rng:list>
    <rng:oneOrMore>
     <rng:ref name="teidata.pointer"/>
    </rng:oneOrMore>
   </rng:list>
  </rng:attribute>
 </rng:optional>
 <rng:optional>
  <rng:attribute name="degree">
   <rng:ref name="teidata.probability"/>
  </rng:attribute>
 </rng:optional>
 <rng:zeroOrMore>
  <rng:choice>
   <rng:ref name="model.descLike"/>
   <rng:ref name="model.certLike"/>
  </rng:choice>
 </rng:zeroOrMore>
</rng:element>
element certainty
{
   att.scoping.attributes,
   att.global.attribute.xmlid,
   att.global.attribute.n,
   att.global.attribute.xmllang,
   att.global.attribute.xmlbase,
   att.global.attribute.xmlspace,
   att.global.rendition.attribute.rend,
   att.global.rendition.attribute.style,
   att.global.rendition.attribute.rendition,
   att.global.linking.attribute.corresp,
   att.global.linking.attribute.synch,
   att.global.linking.attribute.sameAs,
   att.global.linking.attribute.copyOf,
   att.global.linking.attribute.next,
   att.global.linking.attribute.prev,
   att.global.linking.attribute.exclude,
   att.global.linking.attribute.select,
   att.global.analytic.attribute.ana,
   att.global.facs.attribute.facs,
   att.global.change.attribute.change,
   att.global.responsibility.attribute.resp,
   att.global.source.attribute.source,
   att.typed.attribute.subtype,
   attribute cert { teidata.certainty }?,
   attribute type { teidata.enumerated }?,
   attribute locus { "name" | "start" | "end" | "location" | "value" },
   attribute assertedValue { teidata.word }?,
   attribute given { list { teidata.pointer+ } }?,
   attribute degree { teidata.probability }?,
   ( model.descLike | model.certLike )*
}