P5: Directrices para la codificación y el intercambio de textos electrónicos

TEI: Origination¶10.3.1 Origination

The following elements may be used to provide information about the origins of any aspect of a manuscript:

• origDate (fecha origen) contiene cualquier tipo de fecha utilizada para indicar la fecha de origen de un manuscrito o de una de sus partes.
• origPlace (lugar de origen) contiene cualquier tipo de nombre de lugar utilizado para indicar el lugar de origen de un manuscrito o de una de sus partes.

The origDate and origPlace elements are specialized forms of the existing date and name elements respectively, used to indicate specifically the date and place of origin of a manuscript or manuscript part. Such information would normally be encoded within the history element, discussed in section 10.8 History. origDate and origPlace can also be used to identify the place or date of origin of any aspect of the manuscript, such as its decoration or binding, when these are not of the same date or from the same location as rest of the manuscript. Both these elements are members of the att.editLike class, from which they inherit many attributes.

The origDate element is a member of the att.datable class, and may thus also carry additional attributes giving normalized values for the associated dating.

TEI: Material and Object Type¶10.3.2 Material and Object Type

The material element can be used to tag any specific term used for the physical material of which a manuscript (or binding, seal, etc.) is composed. The objectType element may be used to tag any term specifying the type of object or manuscript upon with the text is written.

• material (material) contiene una palabra o sintagma que describe el material del que se compone un manuscrito (o parte del manuscrito).

  function

  describes the function or use of the material in relation to the object as a whole. Posibles valores: 1] binding; 2] endband; 3] slipcase; 4] support; 5] tie

• objectType (object type) contains a word or phrase describing the type of object being referred to.

TEI: Watermarks and Stamps¶10.3.3 Watermarks and Stamps

Two further elements are provided to mark up other decorative features characteristic of manuscript leaves and bindings:

• watermark (watermark) contiene una palabra o sintagma que describe una filigrana o una técnica similar.
• stamp (stamp) contiene una palabra o sintagma que describe un sello o una técnica similar.

If, as here, any text contained by a stamp is included in its description it should be clearly distinguished from that description. The element mentioned may be used for this purpose, as shown above.

TEI: Dimensions¶10.3.4 Dimensions

The dimensions element can be used to specify the size of some aspect of the manuscript, and thus may be thought of as a specialized form of the existing TEI measure element.

• dimensions (dimensions) contiene cualquier tipo de especificación referente a las dimensiones.

  type	indica que aspecto del objeto se mide.

The dimensions element will normally occur within the element describing the particular feature or aspect of a manuscript whose dimensions are being given; thus the size of the leaves would be specified within the support or extent element (part of the physDesc element discussed in 10.7.1 Object Description), while the dimensions of other specific parts of a manuscript, such as accompanying materials, binding, etc., would be given in other parts of the description, as appropriate.

The following elements are available within the dimensions element:

• height (height) refiere la medida tomada del largo del eje paralelo del dorso.***
• width (width) contiene la medida tomada al largo del eje perpendicular del dorso.***
• depth (depth) refiere la medida tomada del ancho del dorso.***
• dim contains any single measurement forming part of a dimensional specification of some sort.

These elements, as well as dimensions itself, are all members of the att.dimensions class, which also inherits attributes from the att.ranging class. They all thus carry the following attributes:

• att.dimensions proporciona atributos que califican una determinata medición.

  scope	especifica la aplicabilidad de esta medición, en los casos en que se mida más de un objeto. Posibles valores: 1] all; 2] most; 3] range
  extent	indicates the size of the object concerned using a project-specific vocabulary combining quantity and units in a single string of words.
  unit	especifica las unidades usadas para la medición. Los valores sugeridos incluyen: 1] cm (centimetres); 2] mm (millimetres); 3] in (inches); 4] line; 5] char (characters)
  quantity	especifica la longitud en las unidades especificadas

• att.ranging provides attributes for describing numerical ranges.

  atLeast	gives a minimum estimated value for the approximate measurement.
  atMost	gives a maximum estimated value for the approximate measurement.
  min	where the measurement summarizes more than one observation or a range, supplies the minimum value observed.
  max	where the measurement summarizes more than one observation or a range, supplies the maximum value observed.

Attributes scope, min, and max are used only when the measurement applies to several items, for example the size of all leaves in a manuscript; attributes atLeast and atMost are used when the measurement applies to a single item, for example the size of a specific codex, but has had to be estimated. Attribute quantity is used when the measurement can be given exactly, and applies to a single item; this is the usual situation. In this case, the units in which dimensions are measured may be specified using the unit attribute, the value of which will normally be taken from a closed set of values appropriate to the project, using standard units of measurement wherever possible, such as cm, mm, in, line, char. If however the only data available for the measurement uses some other unit, or it is preferred to normalize it in some other way, then it may be supplied as a string value by means of the extent attribute.

The order in which components of the dimensions element may be supplied is not constrained.

TEI: References to Locations within a Manuscript¶10.3.5 References to Locations within a Manuscript

The locus and its grouping element locusGrp element are specialized forms of the ref element, used to indicate a location, or sequence of locations, within a manuscript.

• locus (locus) define una posición al interno de un manuscrito o de una de sus partes, generalmente como secuencia (no necesariamete contínua) de referencias de folios.

  from	(from) indica el punto de inicio de una localización en una forma estándard.
  to	(to) indica el punto final de una localización en una forma estándard.
  scheme	(scheme) identifica la foliación en base a la posición especificada.

• locusGrp (locus group) groups a number of locations which together form a distinct but discontinuous item within a manuscript, manuscript part, or other object.

  scheme

  (scheme) identifies the foliation scheme in terms of which all the locations contained by the group are specified by pointing to some foliation element defining it, or to some other equivalent resource.

The locus element is used to reference a single location within a manuscript, typically to specify the location occupied by the element within which it appears. If, for example, it is used as the first component of an msItem or msItemStruct element, or of any of the more specific elements appearing within one (see further section 10.6 Intellectual Content below) then it is understood to specify the location (or locations) of that item within the manuscript being described.

TEI: Names of Persons, Places, and Organizations¶10.3.6 Names of Persons, Places, and Organizations

The standard TEI element name may be used to identify names of any kind occurring within a description:

• name (nombre, nombre propio) contiene un nombre propio o un sintagma nominal

As further discussed in 3.6.1 Referring Strings, this element is a member of the class att.canonical, from which it inherits the following attributes:

• att.canonical provides attributes which can be used to associate a representation such as a name or title with canonical information about the object being named or referenced.

  key	provides an externally-defined means of identifying the entity (or entities) being named, using a coded value of some kind.
  ref	(reference) provides an explicit means of locating a full definition or identity for the entity being named by means of one or more URIs.

Alternatively, the key attribute may be used to supply a unique identifying code for the person referenced by the name independently of both the existence of a person element and the use of the standard URI reference mechanism. If, for example, a project maintains as its authority file some non-digital resource, or uses a database which cannot readily be integrated with other digital resources for this purpose, the unique codes used by such ‘offline’ resources may be used as values for the key attribute. Although such practices clearly reduce the interchangeability of the resulting encoded texts, they may be judged more convenient or practical in certain situations. As explained in 3.6.1 Referring Strings, interchange is improved by use of tag URIs in ref instead of key.

All the person elements referenced by a particular document set should be collected together within a listPerson element, located in a standOff element. This functions as a kind of prosopography for all the people referenced by the set of manuscripts being described, in much the same way as a listBibl element may be used to hold bibliographic information for all the works referenced.

When the namesdates module described in chapter 13 Names, Dates, People, and Places is included in a schema, similar mechanisms are used to maintain and reference canonical lists of places or organizations, as further discussed in sections 13.2.3 Place Names and 13.2.2 Organizational Names respectively.

TEI: Catchwords, Signatures, Secundo Folio¶10.3.7 Catchwords, Signatures, Secundo Folio

TEI: Heraldry¶10.3.8 Heraldry

TEI: The msItem and msItemStruct Elements¶10.6.1 The <msItem> and <msItemStruct> Elements

Each discrete item in a manuscript or manuscript part can be described within a distinct msItem or msItemStruct element, and may be classified using the class attribute.

These are the possible component elements of msItem and msItemStruct.

• author (author) en una referencia bibliográfica, contiene el nombre del autor/es, personal o empresa de una obra; la declaración esencial de responsabilidad para cualquier ítem bibliográfico.
• respStmt (declaración de responsabilidad) proporciona la declaración de la responsabilidad para el contenido intelectual de un texto, edición, grabación o serie, donde no basten o no se apliquen los elementos especializados para autores, editores, etc.
• title (title) contiene el título completo de una obra de cualquier tipo.

  type	clasifica el título de acuerdo con alguna tipología funcional. Posibles valores: 1] main; 2] sub (subordinate); 3] alt (alternate); 4] short; 5] desc (descriptive)

• rubric (rubric) contiene el texto de eventuales rúbricas o títulos asignados a un determinado fragmento del manuscrito; se trata de series de palabras que señalan el inicio de una división textual, a menudo tales series contienen información sobre el autor o el título, y se evidencian del resto mediante tinta roja, un estilo distinto o una dimensión distinta del carácter, u otro rasgo gráfico visible.
• incipit contiene el incipit de un manuscrito, es decir, las primeras palabras del texto propriamente dicho, a excepción de eventuales títulos en rojo que lo preceden; los incipit tienen una longitud a deteminar según de que obra se trate y, antiguamente, eran utilizados a menudo para referirse a las obras mismas en lugar de títulos eventuales.
• quote (cita) contiene una frase o pasaje atribuido por el narrador o autor a un agente externo al texto.
• explicit (explicit) contiene el explicit de un manuscrito, es decir, las palabras de clausura del texto como tal, a excepción de las eventuales rúbricas o colofón sucesivos.
• finalRubric (final rubric) contiene una serie de palabras que señala el fin de una división textual; a menudo declara el autor y el título, y dicha serie normalmente es evidenciada del resto mediante tinta roja, un estilo distinto o una dimensión distinta de los caracteres, u otro rasgo gráfico visible.
• colophon (colophon) contiene el colophon de un manuscrito, es decir, una declaración que contiene informaciones relativas a fecha, lugar, agente, o finalidad de la producción del manuscrito.
• decoNote (observaciones de la decoración) contiene una nota que describe un componente decorativo de un manuscrito o una clase razonablemente homogénea de tales componentes.
• listBibl (lista de cita) contiene una lista de citas bibliográficas de cualquier tipo.
• bibl (cita bibliográfica.) contiene una cita bibliográfica estructurada libremente, los componentes de la cual pueden nohaber sido etiquetados explícitamente.
• filiation (filiation) contiene información referente a la filiación de un manuscrito, p.ej. su relación con otros manuscritos supervivientes del mismo texto, es decir, sus protógrafos, antígrafos y apógrafos.
• note (note) contiene una nota o aclaración
• textLang (lengua del texto) describe las lenguas y los sistemas de escritura usados en un manuscrito (no se ha de confundir con la descripción contenida en el elemento langUsage. ****

In addition, an msItemStruct may contain nested msItemStruct elements, just as an msItem may contain nested msItem elements.

The main difference between msItem and msItemStruct is that in the former, the order and number of child elements is not constrained; any element, in other words, may be given in any order, and repeated as often as is judged necessary. In the latter, however, the sub-elements, if used, must be given in the order specified above and only some of them may be repeated; specifically, rubric, finalRubric. incipit, textLang and explicit can appear only once.

While neither msItem nor msItemStruct may contain untagged running text, both permit an unstructured description to be provided in the form of one or more paragraphs of text. They differ in this respect also: if paragraphs are supplied as the content of an msItem, then none of the other component elements listed above is permitted; in the msItemStruct case, however, paragraphs may appear anywhere as an alternative to any of the component elements listed above.

As noted above, both msItem and msItemStruct elements may also nest, where a number of separate items in a manuscript are grouped under a single title or rubric, as is the case, for example, with a work like The Canterbury Tales.

The elements ex, am, and expan used in the above example are further discussed in section 11.3.1.2 Abbreviation and Expansion; they are available only when the transcr module defined by that chapter is selected. Similarly, the g element used in this example to represent the abbreviation mark is defined by the gaiji module documented in chapter 5 Characters, Glyphs, and Writing Modes.

TEI: Authors and Titles¶10.6.2 Authors and Titles

When used within a manuscript description, the title element should be used to supply a regularized form of the item's title, as distinct from any rubric quoted from the manuscript. If the item concerned has a standardized distinctive title, e.g. Roman de la Rose, then this should be the form given as content of the title element, with the value of the type attribute given as uniform. If no uniform title exists for an item, or none has been yet identified, or if one wishes to provide a general designation of the contents, then a ‘supplied’ title can be given, e.g. missal, in which case the type attribute on the title should be given the value supplied.

Similarly, if used within a manuscript description, the author element should always contain the normalized form of an author's name, irrespective of how (or whether) this form of the name is cited in the manuscript. If it is desired to retain the form of the author's name as given in the manuscript, this may be tagged as a distinct name element, within the text at the point where it occurs.

Note that the key attribute can also be used, as on names in general, to specify the identifier of a person element carrying full details of the person concerned (see further 10.3.6 Names of Persons, Places, and Organizations).

TEI: Rubrics, Incipits, Explicits, and Other Quotations from the Text¶10.6.3 Rubrics, Incipits, Explicits, and Other Quotations from the Text

The xml:lang attribute for colophon, explicit, incipit, quote, and rubric may always be used to identify the language of the text quoted, if this is different from the default language specified by the mainLang attribute on textLang.

TEI: Filiation¶10.6.4 Filiation

TEI: Text Classification¶10.6.5 Text Classification

TEI: Languages and Writing Systems¶10.6.6 Languages and Writing Systems

The form and scope of language identifiers recommended by these Guidelines is based on the IANA standard described at vi.1. Language Identification and should be followed throughout. Where additional detail is needed correctly to describe a language, or to discuss its deployment in a given text, this should be done using the langUsage element in the TEI header, within which individual language elements document the languages used: see 2.4.2 Language Usage.

TEI: Object Description¶10.7.1 Object Description

The objectDesc element is used to group together those parts of the physical description which relate specifically to the text-bearing object, its format, constitution, layout, etc. The objectDesc element is used for grouping elements relating to the physicality of a text-bearing object as part of a manuscript description. If a full description of an object (text-bearing or not) is desired, the more general object element may be preferred.

The form attribute is used to indicate the specific type of writing vehicle being described, for example, as a codex, roll, tablet, etc. If used it must appear first in the sequence of specialized elements. The objectDesc element has two parts: a description of the support, i.e. the physical carrier on which the text is inscribed; and a description of the layout, i.e. the way text is organized on the carrier.

Taking these in turn, the description of the support is tagged using the following elements, each of which is discussed in more detail below:

• supportDesc (descripción de ayuda) agrupa los elementos que describen el soporte físico de la parte escrita de un manuscrito.
• support (support) contiene una descripción de los materiales, etc. que constituyen el soporte físico de la parte escrita de un manuscrito.
• extent (extent) describe el tamaño aproximado de un texto almacenado en algún medio, digital o no, especificándolo en alguna unidad funcional.
• collation (collation) contiene una descripción de cómo los folios o bifolios están físicamente dispuestos.
• foliation (foliation) describe el sistema o sistemas de numeración usados para contar los fólios o las páginas de un códex.
• condition (condition) contiene una descripción de la condición física de un manuscrito.

This example combines information which might alternatively be more precisely tagged using the more specific elements described in the following subsections.

TEI: Writing, Decoration, and Other Notations¶10.7.2 Writing, Decoration, and Other Notations

The second group of elements within a structured physical description concerns aspects of the writing, illumination, or other notation (notably, music) found in a manuscript, including additions made in later hands—the ‘text’, as it were, as opposed to the carrier.

• handDesc (descripción de las manos) contiene una descripción de todos los diferentes tipos de escritura usados en un manuscrito.
• handNote (notas sobre la mano) describe un determinado estilo o una determinada mano al interno de un manuscrito.
• scriptDesc contains a description of the scripts used in a manuscript or other object.
• scriptNote describes a particular script distinguished within the description of a manuscript or similar resource.
• typeDesc (typeface description) contains a description of the typefaces or other aspects of the printing of an incunable or other printed source.
• typeNote (typographic note) describes a particular font or other significant typographic feature distinguished within the description of a printed resource.
• decoDesc (descripción de la decoración) contiene una descripción de la decoración de un manuscrito en forma de secuencia de párrafos o de secuencia de elementos decoNote organizados por el argumento.
• decoNote (observaciones de la decoración) contiene una nota que describe un componente decorativo de un manuscrito o una clase razonablemente homogénea de tales componentes.
• musicNotation (music notation) contiene la descripción de un tipo de anotación musical.
• additions (additions) contiene una descripción de cualquier adición significativa encontrada al interno de un manuscrito como notas al márgen u otras anotaciones.

TEI: Bindings, Seals, and Additional Material¶10.7.3 Bindings, Seals, and Additional Material

The third major component of the physical description relates to supporting but distinct physical components, such as bindings, seals and accompanying material. These may be described using the following specialist elements:

• bindingDesc (descripción de la encuadernación) describe la encuadernación actual y precedente de un manuscrito en forma de una serie de párrafos o de una serie de diversos elementos binding (encuadernación), uno para cada encuadernación del manuscrito.
• binding (binding) contiene la descripción de una encuadernación, p.ej. tipo de cubiertas, tablas, etc. presentes en un manuscrito.
• sealDesc (descripción del sello) describe los sellos u otros objetos externos aplicados a un manuscrito mediante una serie de párrafos o una serie de diversos elementos seal (sellos), eventualmente con ulteriores elementos decoNote.
• seal (seal) contiene la descripción de un sello o de un elemento externo aplicado a un manuscrito.
• accMat (material adicional) contiene eventuales detalles que conciernen a materiales añadidos estrechamente relacionados con el manuscrito examinado, p.ej. documentos no actuales o fragmentos cosidos junto al manuscrito en un período histórico precedente al actual.

TEI: Administrative Information¶10.9.1 Administrative Information

The adminInfo element is used to hold information relating to the curation and management of a manuscript. This may be supplied as a note using the global note element. Alternatively, different aspects of this information may be presented grouped within one of the following specialized elements:

• recordHist (historia registrada) proporciona información relativa a la fuente y sobre el estatus de revisión de la descripción del manuscrito del que deriva.
• availability (availability) proporciona información sobre la disponibilidad de un texto, por ejemplo cualquier restricción en cuanto a su uso o distribución, su copyright, etc.
• custodialHist (historial de la custodia) contiene una descripción de la historia de la conservación del manuscrito en forma de prosa o come serie de eventos fechados relativos a la gestión del manuscrito.

TEI: Surrogates¶10.9.2 Surrogates

The surrogates element is used to provide information about representations such as photographs or other representations of the manuscript which may exist within the holding institution or elsewhere.

• surrogates (surrogates) contiene informaciones relativas a eventuales representaciones digitales o gráficas del manuscrito en exámen eventualmente existentes en la institución depositaria o en cualquier otro lugar.

At a later revision, the content of the surrogates element is likely to be expanded to include elements more specifically intended to provide detailed information such as technical details of the process by which a digital or photographic image was made. For information about the inclusion of digital facsimile images within a TEI document, refer also to 11.1 Digital Facsimiles.